Showing 51–75 of 151 documents
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Jelkeba Bali Weyesa, Mengistu Legesse, Balako Gumi, Girmay Medhin, Ketema Tolossa, et al.
…. This highlighted the need to combine QFT tests with other diagnostics. QFT tests had high specificity and NPV, ensuring reliable negative results. However, lower sensitivity reduces PPV, making positive results less definitive. The results also revealed moderate sensitivit…
Elizabeth Teo, Karon Kung, Sarah Chen, Kay C See
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe extrapulmonary complication of tuberculosis. Early diagnosis is crucial in improving patient outcomes, albeit difficult given the non-specific clinical presentation of early stage TBM. Numerical diagnostic scoring systems m…
Ricardo Perea-Jacobo, Jose Luis Soto-Ledesma, Rafael Laniado-Laborín, Dora-Luz Flores, Rogelio Zapata-Garibay, et al.
…rcrowding, HIV coinfection, and limited access to molecular diagnostics were frequently reported. Notably, no studies were found from Caribbean countries, and only one study was identified in Mexico, revealing significant regional data gaps. **CONCLUSION:** TB in Latin American …
Juliet G Nyamasve, Nyaradzai A Katena, Shepherd Shamu, Junior Mutsvangwa, Aliasgar Esmail
…ality and health system costs, economic evaluations of EPTB diagnostics remain sparse and fragmented. This protocol aims to map existing evidence on the economic evaluation of diagnostic innovations for EPTB in low-resource settings. **METHODS AND ANALYSIS:** This scoping review…
Kylie Tingley, Angela Li, Emily L MacLean, Becky Skidmore, Nawal Maredia, et al.
…improved reporting transparency are necessary to advance TB diagnostics and improve early detection efforts. Future research should prioritise refining tests for TB progression by improving their predictive accuracy, identifying appropriate target populations and evaluating their…
Lucía Carratalà-Castro, Shilzia Munguambe, Belén Saavedra-Cervera, Petra de Haas, Alexander Kay, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** There has been a global pursuit to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis in young children by applying diagnostic methods on accessible biospecimens such as stool. We aimed to conduct a systematic review on the accuracy of stool-based molecular tests for tuberculo…
Pedro S Marra, Alexandre R Marra, Eileen Chen, Takaaki Kobayashi, Patrícia Deffune Celeghini, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** We aimed to assess the accuracy, clinical efficacy, and limitations of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosing infectious meningoencephalitis. **METHODS:** We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies that evaluate…
Mohd Jaish Siddiqui, Abhishek Karmacharya, Xuemeng Wan, Yu Zhu, Chaomin Wan, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Abdominal tuberculosis (ATB) in children is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that often presents with non-specific symptoms. These features frequently overlap with other abdominal conditions, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis or delay in diagnos…
Sabbir Hossen Sabuz, Israt Jahan, Bristi Kona Debnath, Md Mominul Islam, Md Sadequl Islam
…co and Tanzania, where raw dairy samples outperformed blood diagnostics in positivity. Notably, the highest detection rates were observed in confirmed M. bovis cases with a history of raw milk consumption, underscoring the zoonotic risk in unregulated dairy contexts. Significant …
Xin-Yu Shi, Yi-Xiao Zhang, Shu-Feng Dong, Qing-Yu Chen, Feng-Shuang Yi
**BACKGROUND:** In regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, it is crucial to accurately differentiate between tuberculosis pleural effusion (TPE) and parapneumonic effusion (PPE). The current study aimed to evaluate the potential role of the pleural fluid lactate dehydroge…
Mohammed Alsaeed, Khalid Alanazi, Ali Alhamdan, Mohammed Faqihi, Alaa Alibrahim, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** , an emerging nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), closely resembles(TB) clinically, often complicating its diagnosis and management. **METHODS:** We retrospectively analyzed 8 new cases ofinfection diagnosed at Prince Sultan Military Medical City from 2019 to 202…
David J Horne, Jerry S Zifodya, Adrienne E Shapiro, Elizabeth Chandler Church, Jonah S Kreniske, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) is a molecular World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended rapid diagnostic test that simultaneously detects tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. This review updates a comparative accuracy Cochrane review of Xpert MTB/RIF and X…
Garrett R Beeler Asay, Kai H Young, Tempest D Hill, Gibril J Njie
Contact investigation is a fundamental component of tuberculosis (TB) programs that drives prompt diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among those exposed. Few studies have examined contact investigation costs for TB. We conducted a systematic review of…
Johnessa Cung, Patihul Husni, Kyung Taek Oh
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, hampered by prolonged, toxic treatment regimens that lead to poor patient adherence and drug resistance, as well as diagnostic tools that lack sensitivity and specificity. This systematic review evalu…
Benjamin Freitag, Ayten Sultanli, Maurizio Grilli, Stefan Fabian Weber, Mary Gaeddert, et al.
…easons for clinical TB diagnosis and investment in improved diagnostics for TB and non-TB conditions is needed. **FUNDING:** UK National Institute for Health and Care Research and Academy of Medical Sciences; US National Institutes of Health.
Abayeneh Girma, Fentaye Kassawmar, Yeshiwas Kassa, Yeshwas Asrat
…come countries; increasing the reach of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is essential. Nanodiagnostics aims to enhance clinical diagnostic procedures with heightened sensitivity and accuracy by focusing on distinctive markers for early detection. A systematic search of research ar…
Zi-Ke Chen, Zhao Wu, Ting Ye, Chao-Yang Lin, Xu-Guang Guo
**BACKGROUND:** The Xpert MTB/RIF assay has exhibited high diagnostic efficiency in detecting lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB). However, different gold standards and types of LNTB specimens may impact Xpert's diagnostic accuracy. This meta-analysis compared the performance of Xpert…
Carlos Cifuentes-González, Ikhwanuliman Putera, Cheong Fu Yuan Walter, Germán Mejía-Salgado, Yong Le Tong, et al.
…hile non-infectious causes vary regionally. Region-specific diagnostics and Bayesian testing protocols are critical to improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
Eman Farouq Badran, Abdullah Rayyan, Mira Al Jaberi, Muayyed Azzam, Raghad Ramadan, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Jordan and Palestine face public health challenges due to infectious diseases, with the added detrimental factors of long-term conflict, forced relocation, and lack of resources. Added to these are the increased rates of morbidity and mortality from having limited…
Xiting Dai, Hanxin Wu, Liangyu Zhu, Zhiqiang Chen, Weijie Ma, et al.
Ethambutol (EMB) serves as a critical first-line antimycobacterial agent pivotal in the management of. The emergence of resistance to EMB, primarily driven by mutations in thegene, constitutes a formidable challenge to global tuberculosis (TB) eradication efforts. This meta-analy…
Rohan Shrivastava, Kashmi Sharma, Somesh Mishra, Poonam Parihar, Gobardhan Das, et al.
…2248; 0.92) exceeded sensitivity (mean ≈ 0.75). Bias diagnostics revealed marked funnel plot asymmetry; trim-and-fill imputation added 22, 29, and 23 studies for AUC, sensitivity, and specificity, respectively, yielding adjusted pooled estimates of ∼0.89 (AUC), 0.70…
Diana Chusna Mufida, Muhammad Farhan Hibatulloh, Muhammad Yusuf Fadhil, Deva Fitra Firdausa Anwar, Cinday Kinanti Pramusinta, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge despite numerous innovations in diagnostic methods. Accurate early identification is essential for effective TB management and prevention of disease spread. **METHODS:** This study combined bibliom…
Jenifer A Otieno, Lisa Malesi Were, Vittoria Lutje, Katie Scandrett, Yemisi Takwoingi, et al.
**RATIONALE:** The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rapid nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), such as Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, as the initial diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB). However, the effect of these tests on key health outcomes is not well-established. **O…
Jirarat Songsri, Jongkonnee Thanasai, Jitbanjong Tangpong, Anchalee Chittamma, Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
The early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a global challenge. While serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been associated with tuberculosis-related immune activation, its consistency across different regions and laboratory methods remains unclear. This study aims …
Beatriz Barreto Duarte, Jerrold Ellner, Alicia D Wright, Mark Hatherill, Amita Gupta, et al.
… elimination targets. Future efforts must focus on scalable diagnostics, biomarker validation, and equitable screening strategies tailored to vulnerable populations.