Showing 1–25 of 151 documents
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Mayu Hikone, Yuya Kondo, Yu Takaizumi, Wataru Kagaya, Katharina Kranzer, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Current diagnostics for tuberculosis (TB) rely on sputum or site-specific specimen collection, posing critical limitations in certain populations. Urine has emerged as an alternative specimen, as demonstrated by urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) testing. Beyond LAM,…
Margaret C Siu, Maria Selinopoulou, Susan Abarca Salazar, Jonathan P Sturgeon, Julie Huynh, et al.
…DS:** We systematically reviewed host-based gene expression diagnostics for pediatric EPTB. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library (January 1965-May 2025) were searched for studies in children (0-18 years) with EPTB. Exclusions were adult-only studies, mixed data on pulmonary TB and…
Shyamkumar Sriram, Tareq Abualfaraj, Manal Ali Alsharif, Marwa Zalat, Saad Madani Alawfi, et al.
Patients with latent tuberculosis infection are mainly asymptomatic, but they still carry a notable risk of developing active TB, particularly when the host becomes immunosuppressed. Hence, appropriate diagnosis and management for LTBI are essential. Tuberculin skin test (TST) an…
Yue Gao, Ling Hai, Yan Niu, Hong-Zhe Zhu, Rui Niu, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Interleukin-27 (IL-27) in the pleural fluid has gained significant attention as a diagnostic biomarker for tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE); however, considerable variability exists across available studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to dete…
Khalid Alyahyawi
…opic features, histopathological characteristics, molecular diagnostics, pharmacological therapy, and minimally invasive therapeutic interventions. Accurate diagnosis requires an integrated approach combining clinical assessment with imaging, endoscopic evaluation, and histopatho…
Vijay Pratap, Astha Lalwani, Ankur Malhotra
…synechiae were seen in 46% and 18%, respectively. Molecular diagnostics GeneXpert and tuberculosis-polymerase chain reaction (TB-PCR) showed high sensitivity (up to 100%) and varied specificity (33% to 100%). The prevalence of FGTB ranged from 6.73% to 45%, with conception rates …
Birendra Gupta, Natalia Blanco, Chandramani Wagle, Nikita Acharya, Jyoti Takanche, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pyrexia of Unknown Origin (PUO) represents a persistent diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. In South Asian regions, this challenge is compounded by a high burden of endemic infections, resource constraints, and varied clinical practices. This systematic rev…
Hafsat U Ibrahim, Rayyan M Garba, Jameel I Ahmad, Kabiru Abdulsalam, Yasir N Jibril, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH), who face significantly higher risks of developing active TB. Conventional diagnostic methods such as sputum smear microscopy and ches…
Kindie Fentahun Muchie, Frank Tobian, Mary Gaeddert, Claudia Maria Denkinger, Johanna Kellett Wright, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, with an estimated 10.8 million new cases and 1.25 million deaths in 2023. Despite advances in molecular detection of Mycobacterium TB (MTB), significant diagnostic gaps remain: in 2023, onl…
Ruvandhi R Nathavitharana, Abarna Pearl, Matthew O'Bryan, Matthew Edwards, Helene-Mari van der Westhuizen, et al.
…informed the WHO standard: Universal Access to Tuberculosis Diagnostics. **METHODS:** We searched multiple databases without language restrictions until 29 July 2022. We included studies that used qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods study designs. Four reviewers independe…
Zahra Sheidae Mehne, Elham Honarjou, Mohsen Khamoushi Kahdouee
…marked microbiological heterogeneity. Integrating molecular diagnostics with tailored surgical and antimicrobial strategies may improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes.
Radwan Darwish, Maya Tama, Sidra Sharief, Osama Zeidan, Sara Mohammed Ahmed Rady, et al.
…inence as potential screening tools or adjuncts to existing diagnostics. We searched online databases for studies that looked at salivary diagnostic techniques. Afterwards, duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and full-text studies were assessed for eligib…
Amir Hassankhani, Parya Valizadeh, Payam Jannatdoust, Melika Amoukhteh, Abbas Mohammadi, et al.
**PURPOSE:** To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Chest ultrasound (CUS) for pulmonary TB (PTB). **METHODS:** A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following established guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to July 1st, 2025. Studies reporting …
Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Vignes Anand Srinivasalu, Mukesh Kumar Sathya Narayanan, Adhin Bhaskar, Jefferson Daniel, et al.
…is (TB-LAMP), are among the molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics and can provide results within a few hours, even in resource-limited settings. We aimed to synthesise evidence on the accuracy of these tests for the detection of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, to…
Timothy Hudson David Culasino Carandang, Dianne Jaula Cunanan, Gail S Co, John David Pilapil, Juan Ignacio Garcia, et al.
…iness, portability, and capacity of nanopore sequencing for diagnostics can aid in early detection and drug susceptibility testing (DST), which is crucial for effective TB control. This study synthesized current evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of the nanopore sequencing techn…
Muhammad Abubaker Tobaiqi, Musleh Naser Alshamrani, Shyamkumar Sriram, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, et al.
: The world health goal of eliminating tuberculosis (TB) is heavily hinged on timely and efficient diagnosis and treatment. The interferon-γ release assays (I.G.R.A.s) can diagnoseinfection and offer an alternative to the centuries-old tuberculin skin test (T.S.T.). Yet the…
Louise Preston, Alexander Thompson, Susan Baxter, Duncan Chambers, Paul Collini, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Delays in diagnosing and treating tuberculosis (TB) have significant implications. We undertook a rapid review to explore factors associated with delays at all stages of the diagnostic and treatment pathways in low-burden settings. **METHODS:** We searched databa…
Laura Olbrich, Leyla Larsson, Rory Dunbar, Peter J Dodd, Megan Palmer, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** In 2023, almost 200,000 children under 15 years died from tuberculosis, most without appropriate treatment. Treatment decision algorithms (TDAs), developed to facilitate rapid anti-tuberculosis treatment initiation in children, were recommended by the World Heal…
Isabelle Munyangaju, Lucía Carratalà-Castro, Dulce Osório, Jacob Bigio, Kondwelani John Mateyo, et al.
Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in children is challenging due to non-specific symptoms, paucibacillary disease, and difficulty producing sputum. Chest X-rays (CXRs), though widely used, are often inaccessible in low-resource settings and involve radiation. Ultrasound (US) is a radi…
Guocan Yu, Xudong Xu, Yanqin Shen, Yuyang Ling
**BACKGROUND:** Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a serious type of tuberculosis (TB) which can cause systemic clinical manifestations. Rapid diagnosis of EPTB for intervention is of great importance. Nanopore sequencing as a third-generation gene sequencing method is a new k…
Bewket Mesganaw, Ketema Misganaw, Mekuriaw Belayneh
**BACKGROUND:** Reliable tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis is central to TB control programs, particularly in high-burden countries such as Ethiopia. External Quality Assessment (EQA) is a core component of laboratory quality assurance, encompassing blinded rechecking, panel testing, a…
Kevin Komakech, Derrick Semugenze, Moses Joloba, Frank Cobelens, Willy Ssengooba
…Limited access to accurate and accessible tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics remains a critical barrier to timely diagnosis and care in high burden low- and middle-income countries. Point-of-care (POC) TB Triage tests (POC-TTTs) defined as a test performed near to a patient or at the …
Poras Chaudhary, Rajeev Kumar, Milind Alokjee, Abhinav Bhalla, Sunny Thakur, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** The splenic tuberculous involvement is common than other intra-abdominal solid organs such as the liver, pancreas, and kidney. The aim of this article is to present and share a review of the English-language literature on splenic tuberculosis (TB) to gain a bett…
Mohan Balakrishnan, R Varadharajan, G Gajendran
…ctive is to evaluate and identify the cost-effectiveness of diagnostics and treatments for tuberculosis practiced in India from costing studies. **METHODS:** Electronic databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and PlosOne are searched, from Jan …
Rechel Shrisunder, Manesh Muraleedharan, Sammita Jagdish Jadhav, Dwight Figueiredo
**BACKGROUND:** India aims to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) by 2025. Despite ongoing efforts to transform TB care, numerous factors contribute to the persistence of missing cases in India. To gain insight into this issue, we performed a comprehensive review to identify the factors …