Showing 1–23 of 23 documents
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Tushar Garg
…2035. The treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB consists of 4–6 drug regimens for durations of 1–2 years. In this open label, single-group study in 3 sites, the safety and efficacy of a 3-drug regimen, including bedaquiline, linezolid, and pretomanid (BPaL), was assessed for treatment of …
Koushik Mukherjee, Pritam Saha, Kirat Kumar Ganguly, Somjyoti Chakraborty, Swarnali Ghosh, et al.
…ealth threat. Despite advances in diagnostics and treatment regimens, it infects millions annually. It remains a significant global health challenge, particularly due to the appearance of resistance towards anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD), mainly multidrug-resistant (MDR) and exten…
Rafael Laniado-Laborı́n
…endations for programmatic management (the short and longer regimens) and one for operational research (the BPaL regimen).
Maciej Michalik, Tomasz Lorenc, Krzysztof Marcinkowski, Mateusz Muras, Natalia Mikszta, et al.
…alence. The treatment of DR-TB has been complicated by long regimens, severe side effects and high overall costs, which contribute to non-adherence and treatment failures. Novel pharmacological agents including bedaquiline, linezolid, meropenem and more, have shown promise in imp…
Anita Saibannavar, Gurjeet Kaur, Nitin Kumbhar
… (DST) including line probe assays (LPA). Initial treatment regimens and subsequent modifications were documented and assessed. **RESULTS:** Out of 83 DR-TB patients the most prevalent pattern was Isoniazid monoresistance (H Mono DRTB) (45.78 %), followed by Rifampicin resi…
Lynn Sosa, Lloyd N. Friedman
This chapter discusses the guidance on options for treatment recommended by established national and international organizations. Generally, practitioners should follow the guidelines specified by the organization that represents the geographical location of the treatment facilit…
S.Z.Z. Cobongela, Tintswalo Mgwenya
…he introduction of these drugs, particularly in combination regimens such as the six-month Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid (BPaL) regimen, has shown promise in reducing treatment duration and improving efficacy for multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant …
Na Tian, Hongqian Chu, Qi Li, Hong Sun, Jingfang Zhang, et al.
Current TB treatment regimens are hindered by drug resistance, numerous adverse effects, and long treatment durations, highlighting the need for 'me-better' treatment regimens. Host-directed therapy (HDT) has gained recognition as a promising approach in TB treatment. It allows t…
Omid Nikjeh, Seyedehparmis Rejali, Kayvan Sasaninia, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…nstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Beyond established regimens, we highlight host-directed strategies such as metformin, glutathione augmentation, mTOR modulation, and vitamin D; immunotherapies including interferon-γ, GM-CSF, and IL-7; and therapeutic vaccines (M72/A…
Roopendra Kumar, Jagdeep Singh Sohal, Ajay Vir Singh, Devendra Singh Chauhan
…n the long-term effectiveness of pretomanid in TB treatment regimens.
Shahista, Jappreet Kaur, Amit Kumar Singh, Vivek Kumar Garg
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is described as tuberculosis that is not responding to one or more anti-TB medications. A person is diagnosed with DR-TB if they do not respond to regular TB treatment; then a more challenging treatment regimen and a longer treatment duration a…
Federico Appetecchia, Mariangela Biava, Giovanna Poce
Tuberculosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, claiming 1.2 million deaths (including 208 000 people with HIV) and 10 million new cases in 2019. Current treatment suffers from significant shortcomings such as length, dosage regimen, toxicity, and resistance…
Parissa Farnia, Ali Akbar Velayati, Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia
…espite the availability of effective vaccines and treatment regimens, gaps in awareness, funding, healthcare infrastructure, and social determinants of health hinder global elimination efforts. Coordinated, multisectoral strategies are essential to address this complex epidemic, …
Ayman Elbehiry, Eman Marzouk, Adil Abalkhail
…(MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) disease; current regimens, although effective, are prolonged, toxic, and often fail to reach intracellular bacilli in heterogeneous lung lesions. This narrative review synthesizes how next-generation antimycobacterial strategies can be t…
Christian S Carnero Canales, Jessica Ingrid Marquez Cazorla, Renzo Marianito Marquez Cazorla, Aline Martins Dos Santos, Jonatas Lobato Duarte, et al.
…of latent infections within granulomas. Current therapeutic regimens are limited by long treatment durations, drug resistance, and significant socioeconomic burdens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising alternatives because of their broad-spectrum activity and …
Patrick Howlett, Robert J. Wilkinson, Ben J. Marais
…berculosis treatment, TB and HIV, TB in Children, Treatment regimens, Multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB , Lessons learned in TB treatment and control
Kenneth W Foreman, Hui-Chen Foreman
…verse effects associated with prolonged small-molecule drug regimens. The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains further underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. We outline characteristics of next-gen…
Ying Wang, Daxing Cao, Guihua Liu
Treatment regimens for Tuberculosis (TB) primarily rely on first-line drugs such as isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Although these drugs have been pivotal in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, their high costs limit widespread use in low- and middl…
…bal public health threat due to its complexity of treatment regimens as well as the widespread resistance to tuberculosis.The rise of MDR-TB, defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, was alarming, with over 580,000 new cases recorded in 2015 in regions like India and Ch…
Luana Layse Câmara de Almeida, Sayoane Pessoa Fernandes, Genil Dantas de Oliveira, Marcelly da Silveira Silva, Thalisson Amorim de Souza, et al.
…progress for new drug candidates, drug repurposing, and new regimens, there is still an urgent need for the new medicins to treat TB, especially due to the growing cases of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) strains. Drug resistance is a challenging obstacle to TB…
Krupanshi Bharadava, Aviral Kaushik, Nigam Vyas, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, C. Ratna Prabha, et al.
…is disease have led to the development of various treatment regimens, and research in TB drug discovery continues to be a crucial area of study. Identifying the new drug targets is essential in the fight against MDR TB, TDR TB, and XDR TB. Owing to the current situation, the key …
Nnamdi Ikemefuna Okafor, Precious Nnaji, Ngozi Francisca Nnolum-Orji, Yahya E Choonara
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered a major infectious disease by the World Health Organization. The WHO estimates that there are 1.8 million TB deaths, and 10.4 million new cases of the disease reported yearly. While there are conventional therapies for TB, they have drawbacks such …
Meenakshi Jain, Himanshu Sharma, Menka, Tushar Dash, Rehan Hamdulay, et al.
…stant and MDR-TB, and pretomanid, integrated into multidrug regimens for extensively drug-resistant and MDR-TB, signify critical milestones in addressing drug-resistant TB. These advances are aligned with the global endeavor to achieve TB-related Sustainable Development Goals by …