Showing 1–25 of 59 documents
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Constantin Iavorschi, Stela Kulcitkaia, Igor Ivanes, Nadejda Pisarenco
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) presents unique diagnostic challenges due to various factors, including the low sensitivity of sputum examination, difficulties in obtaining samples, and the presence of paucibacillary forms of the disease. This retrospective-descriptive study aimed to…
Yang Yang, Dan Ye, Zhentao Fei, Ping Liu, Huarui Liu, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, characterized by age-specific difficulties especially in diagnosis compared to adults. This review summarizes key advances in pediatric TB diagnostics over the past five years. **METHODS:** Lite…
Silla Varghese Thomas, Priya Rajendran, Sivakumar Shanmugam
This review provides an insight into pediatric tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in India. Significant challenges still exist in the accurate diagnosis of pediatric TB due to the paucibacillary status of the bacilli and the nonspecific clinical symptoms. Despite advancements in newer d…
Xingyu Lu, Yiyi Hu, Yue Hu, Fei Zhao, Peiyang Fan, et al.
…nifestations and symptoms, early screening and diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis present significant challenges. In recent years, the(AI) healthcare industry has emerged as a major driving force for transformation in the global healthcare sector. Through technologies …
Mina'a Shahid, Kiran Hilal, Memoona Khan, Zainab Haider Ejaz, Sadaf Altaf, et al.
Pediatric liver masses encompass a diverse spectrum of benign and malignant lesions, with distinct patterns based on patient age. Optimal imaging is critical for timely diagnosis, management, and prognosis. This pictorial minireview categorizes pediatric liver masses by age group…
Aishwarya Venkataraman, Nancy Hilda Joseph, Gopika Sadanandan, S Balasubramanian
…during the COVID-19 pandemic, which substantially disrupted pediatric research and child health services. The pandemic exposed critical ethical, operational, and communicative tensions, especially with respect to informed consent, caregiver trust, and safe research implementation…
Vito Di Lernia, Alberto Sticchi
…*INTRODUCTION:** Moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in the pediatric population represents a complex therapeutic challenge. Although the advent of biologic drugs (anti-TNF, anti-IL17) has revolutionized efficacy standards, there remains an unmet need for oral, safe therapeutic o…
Susanna Esposito, Beatrice Rita Campana, Gaia Giorgia Arnesano, Nicola Principi
…lnerable population in whom diagnosis is often challenging. Pediatric TB is typically paucibacillary and presents with non-specific clinical manifestations, limiting the sensitivity of microbiological confirmation and increasing reliance on immunological tests. The Tuberculin Ski…
Yuho Horikoshi, Michiko Toizumi
…nally and distributed globally through WHO-UNICEF programs. Pediatric TB has become rare, with fewer than 100 new cases annually. Most are identified through adults contact investigations; others are diagnosed based on clinical symptoms or screening. In recent years, the proporti…
Latifah Alfahad, Ayman Khushaim, Waleed Alhabeeb, Abdullah Alzayed, Musab Almushayqih
…trum of BCG-vaccine-related infections in immunocompromised pediatric patients, which can be localized (BCGitis) or disseminated (BCGosis). We illustrate the more common imaging findings, including lymphadenopathy and involvement of solid organs, as well as less frequently encoun…
Spinal tuberculosis in pediatric patients is frequently associated with multiple vertebral lesions and could be complicated by kyphosis. The diagnosis should be confirmed by culturing or molecular–genetic study of the pathological tissues that are harvested from the zone of bone …
Ben J Marais, H Simon Schaaf
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of disease and death in young children from TB-endemic countries, especially in areas affected by poverty, social disruption, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This article reviews the disease burden and the natural history of di…
Christiane Mello Schmidt, Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso, Rafaela Baroni Aurílio, Maria de Fátima Bazhuni Pombo Sant’ Anna, Clemax Couto Sant’Anna
As children develop paucibacillary forms of tuberculosis (TB), bacteriological tests usually are negative. This chapter describes aspects of the laboratory tests available for clinical practicePractice. It also discusses perspectives, such as biomarkers, which can be utilized in …
Declan Ikechukwu Emegano, Ilker Ozsahin, Emeje Paul Isaac, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Oyibo Saidu Silas, et al.
…EW:** The literature review is pertinent because diagnosing pediatric tuberculosis (PdTB) remains quite challenging, especially in areas with limited resources, due to complications caused by variable generalized symptoms, paucibacillary characteristics, vague clinical manifestat…
Mohammed Amin, Khaled Sidani, Mohamad Housheimy, Sarah Kawtharani, Joelle Hassanieh, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pediatric spinal epidural abscess is considered to be a rare illness. Despite all the recent improvements in the diagnosis and the treatment of this rare condition, the morbidity and mortality rate is still high especially if the diagnosis was not achieved early o…
Dinara Adjablaeva
…nd form of tuberculosis. For research of quality of life in pediatric practice, the questionnaire of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory—PedsQL—is used. The questionnaire of PedsQL 4.0. includes 23 questions, incorporated in 4 scales. Every question has 5 variants of answers: “no…
Aslı İmran Yılmaz
…d incidence of 0.6–1.02 per 100,000. The pathophysiology of pediatric sarcoidosis is believed to be influenced by a multifactorial etiology involving both genetic and environmental components, such as exposure to organic or mineral triggers. Common symptoms include constitutional…
Peter J Kitonsa, Devan Jaganath
**INTRODUCTION:** Pediatric tuberculosis (TB), especially among children co-infected with HIV, remains a significant global health challenge. Traditional sputum-based diagnostics are less effective in this population due to difficulties in sample collection and paucibacillary dis…
Young June Choe, Keun Ju Kim, Lay-Myint Yoshida, Michiko Toizumi, Yung-Ching Lin
…9;rin (BCG) vaccine remains essential for preventing severe pediatric tuberculosis (TB). This review compares BCG policies in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan - three low-burden countries with differing strategies. Notably, Taiwan and Japan have delayed vaccination to 5-8 months s…
Gregorio Paolo Milani, Giangiacomo Nicolini, Mara Cananzi, Luca Spiezia, Enrico Vidal
: Fever and pain are among the most common symptoms in pediatric infections and chronic diseases, causing significant discomfort for children and concern for caregivers. Effective management is essential to relieve distress while avoiding overtreatment or undertreatment. Paraceta…
Alessandra Li Pomi, Antonella Gambadauro, Francesca Galletta, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Salvatore Leonardi, et al.
…ell as clinically distinct from both thecomplex and. In the pediatric age group, NTM disease manifests with a diverse range of clinical phenotypes. Cervicofacial lymphadenitis stands out as the most common presentation among children who are immunocompetent. Conversely, skin and …
Matteo Capobianco, Francesco Cappellani, Federico Visalli, Alessandro Avitabile, Giuseppe Gagliano, et al.
…keratoconjunctivitis (PKC) goes beyond limbal nodules. This pediatric ocular surface condition caused by delayed-type hypersensitivity to microbial antigens. The trigger is context-dependent: Mycobacterial antigens in tuberculosis-endemic areas; staphylococcal eyelid disease and …
Aanchal Datta, M Vishnu Vardhan, Chhitij Srivastava
…pertension and diaphoresis, with a predilection in males of pediatric age. Keeping a low threshold for diagnosis and early detection is essential for reducing long-term neurological sequelae. Our case report is the 7th case in the literature of PSH in TBM (unrelated to hydrocepha…
Shilpa Yashwant Pawar, Sadhana Jagannath Raut, Smita Mundada, Amol Ratnakar Suryawanshi, Prashant Patil
…DS has become prevalent all across the world. As in adults, pediatric HIV/AIDS is on rise all over the world. Since 1981, about 25 million individuals have died around the world as a result of HIV. The risk of mother to child transmission of HIV infection varies from country to c…
Joan Joseph-Munné, Milena Maya-Hoyos, Narcís Saubi, Santiago Perez, Miguel Angel Martinez Lopez, et al.
…nfected, with vertical transmission being the main cause of pediatric HIV infection. Thus, the development of an effective, safe, and accessible vaccine for neonates and/or adults is an urgent need to prevent or control HIV infection or progression to AIDS. An effective HIV vacci…