Showing 1–25 of 79 documents
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Constantin Iavorschi, Stela Kulcitkaia, Igor Ivanes, Nadejda Pisarenco
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) presents unique diagnostic challenges due to various factors, including the low sensitivity of sputum examination, difficulties in obtaining samples, and the presence of paucibacillary forms of the disease. This retrospective-descriptive study aimed to…
Yang Yang, Dan Ye, Zhentao Fei, Ping Liu, Huarui Liu, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, characterized by age-specific difficulties especially in diagnosis compared to adults. This review summarizes key advances in pediatric TB diagnostics over the past five years. **METHODS:** Lite…
Pooja Semwal, Manjit Kaur Saini, Moinak Sen Sarma
…atotoxicity (ATDIH) is a significant concern while managing pediatric tuberculosis. There is limited data on pediatric ATDIH, and much of the management practices are extrapolated from adult experiences. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the incidence, risk factor…
Silla Varghese Thomas, Priya Rajendran, Sivakumar Shanmugam
This review provides an insight into pediatric tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in India. Significant challenges still exist in the accurate diagnosis of pediatric TB due to the paucibacillary status of the bacilli and the nonspecific clinical symptoms. Despite advancements in newer d…
Daniel Mashiach, Justin Shon, Raquel Mashiach, Gregory Ayzenberg, Osnat Barazani, et al.
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a critically underrecognized contributor to global childhood morbidity and mortality, with the highest burden concentrated in low-resource settings. Although children comprise a minority of overall TB cases, mortality is disproportionately high…
Xingyu Lu, Yiyi Hu, Yue Hu, Fei Zhao, Peiyang Fan, et al.
…nifestations and symptoms, early screening and diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis present significant challenges. In recent years, the(AI) healthcare industry has emerged as a major driving force for transformation in the global healthcare sector. Through technologies …
Mina'a Shahid, Kiran Hilal, Memoona Khan, Zainab Haider Ejaz, Sadaf Altaf, et al.
Pediatric liver masses encompass a diverse spectrum of benign and malignant lesions, with distinct patterns based on patient age. Optimal imaging is critical for timely diagnosis, management, and prognosis. This pictorial minireview categorizes pediatric liver masses by age group…
Aishwarya Venkataraman, Nancy Hilda Joseph, Gopika Sadanandan, S Balasubramanian
…during the COVID-19 pandemic, which substantially disrupted pediatric research and child health services. The pandemic exposed critical ethical, operational, and communicative tensions, especially with respect to informed consent, caregiver trust, and safe research implementation…
Wiwiek Setiowulan, redi rulandani, Helmy Rachman
Pediatric drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a life-threatening uncommon disease that can be difficult to diagnose. We present a case of a 10-year old girl with ten days of high fever during her fifth week of ATT (consisting of isoniazid, rifampicin,…
Yuho Horikoshi, Michiko Toizumi
…nally and distributed globally through WHO-UNICEF programs. Pediatric TB has become rare, with fewer than 100 new cases annually. Most are identified through adults contact investigations; others are diagnosed based on clinical symptoms or screening. In recent years, the proporti…
Vito Di Lernia, Alberto Sticchi
…*INTRODUCTION:** Moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in the pediatric population represents a complex therapeutic challenge. Although the advent of biologic drugs (anti-TNF, anti-IL17) has revolutionized efficacy standards, there remains an unmet need for oral, safe therapeutic o…
Susanna Esposito, Beatrice Rita Campana, Gaia Giorgia Arnesano, Nicola Principi
…lnerable population in whom diagnosis is often challenging. Pediatric TB is typically paucibacillary and presents with non-specific clinical manifestations, limiting the sensitivity of microbiological confirmation and increasing reliance on immunological tests. The Tuberculin Ski…
Latifah Alfahad, Ayman Khushaim, Waleed Alhabeeb, Abdullah Alzayed, Musab Almushayqih
…trum of BCG-vaccine-related infections in immunocompromised pediatric patients, which can be localized (BCGitis) or disseminated (BCGosis). We illustrate the more common imaging findings, including lymphadenopathy and involvement of solid organs, as well as less frequently encoun…
Spinal tuberculosis in pediatric patients is frequently associated with multiple vertebral lesions and could be complicated by kyphosis. The diagnosis should be confirmed by culturing or molecular–genetic study of the pathological tissues that are harvested from the zone of bone …
Ben J Marais, H Simon Schaaf
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of disease and death in young children from TB-endemic countries, especially in areas affected by poverty, social disruption, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This article reviews the disease burden and the natural history of di…
Christiane Mello Schmidt, Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso, Rafaela Baroni Aurílio, Maria de Fátima Bazhuni Pombo Sant’ Anna, Clemax Couto Sant’Anna
As children develop paucibacillary forms of tuberculosis (TB), bacteriological tests usually are negative. This chapter describes aspects of the laboratory tests available for clinical practicePractice. It also discusses perspectives, such as biomarkers, which can be utilized in …
Declan Ikechukwu Emegano, Ilker Ozsahin, Emeje Paul Isaac, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Oyibo Saidu Silas, et al.
…EW:** The literature review is pertinent because diagnosing pediatric tuberculosis (PdTB) remains quite challenging, especially in areas with limited resources, due to complications caused by variable generalized symptoms, paucibacillary characteristics, vague clinical manifestat…
Mohammed Amin, Khaled Sidani, Mohamad Housheimy, Sarah Kawtharani, Joelle Hassanieh, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Pediatric spinal epidural abscess is considered to be a rare illness. Despite all the recent improvements in the diagnosis and the treatment of this rare condition, the morbidity and mortality rate is still high especially if the diagnosis was not achieved early o…
Jammula Mounika
…0% of childhood TB mortality. This case report focuses on a pediatric patient with obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to tubercular meningitis, complicated by pyrazinamide-induced hepatitis. The elevated dosages of essential antituberculosis agents for pediatric use, recommended…
Susanna Esposito, Valentina Fainardi, Beatrice Rita Campana, Gaia Giorgia Arnesano, Nicola Principi
…mong children worldwide, with approximately one million new pediatric cases annually. The conventional treatment for drug-susceptible TB has long relied on a 6-month multidrug regimen, which is highly effective but associated with challenges in adherence, toxicity, and healthcare…
Dinara Adjablaeva
…nd form of tuberculosis. For research of quality of life in pediatric practice, the questionnaire of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory—PedsQL—is used. The questionnaire of PedsQL 4.0. includes 23 questions, incorporated in 4 scales. Every question has 5 variants of answers: “no…
Aslı İmran Yılmaz
…d incidence of 0.6–1.02 per 100,000. The pathophysiology of pediatric sarcoidosis is believed to be influenced by a multifactorial etiology involving both genetic and environmental components, such as exposure to organic or mineral triggers. Common symptoms include constitutional…
Gregorio Paolo Milani, Giangiacomo Nicolini, Mara Cananzi, Luca Spiezia, Enrico Vidal
: Fever and pain are among the most common symptoms in pediatric infections and chronic diseases, causing significant discomfort for children and concern for caregivers. Effective management is essential to relieve distress while avoiding overtreatment or undertreatment. Paraceta…
Ingrid Burkhardt, Florian Götzinger, Lahia Iipumbu, Elizabeth Whittaker, Gunar Günther, et al.
… strategies. **AREAS COVERED:** We present current data on pediatric and adolescent MDR-TB combined with expert opinion to guide the reader through the pediatric and adolescent MDR-TB care cascade. This includes background information and practical guidance on the disease, the e…
Matteo Capobianco, Francesco Cappellani, Federico Visalli, Alessandro Avitabile, Giuseppe Gagliano, et al.
…keratoconjunctivitis (PKC) goes beyond limbal nodules. This pediatric ocular surface condition caused by delayed-type hypersensitivity to microbial antigens. The trigger is context-dependent: Mycobacterial antigens in tuberculosis-endemic areas; staphylococcal eyelid disease and …