Showing 1–25 of 73 documents
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Vinay Jasani, Ahmed Abdelaal, Mohamed Mohamed
…eption of the first antituberculous chemotherapeutic agent, drug resistance has been one of the most challenging problems facing the global fight to control tuberculosis. Drug resistance to antituberculous chemotherapy is a spectrum which includes mono-drug resistance (e.g. rifam…
Balasundaram Revathi Mani, Usharani Brammacharry, Venkateswari Ramachandra, Suganthi Palavesam, Muthuraj Muthaiah
The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis jeopardizes the TB control programme activities globally. Multidrug-resistant TB is defined as tuberculosis strains resistant to at least two first-line drugs, rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). Extensively drug-resistant TB refers …
Apoorva Narain, Surya Kant, Rikesh K. Dubey, Kanchan Srivastava, Anand Kumar Maurya
…onential increase in tuberculosis (TB) cases, mainly by the drug-resistant (DR) strains of MTB, has created an urgent need for identifying and developing new antituberculosis drugs acting via novel mechanisms. The multi drug-resistant (MDR) TB and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)…
Sunil Bajeja, Kandula Jayapaul, Poonam Gaur, Chinnem Rama Mohan, Abhinav Pathak, et al.
… problem around the world. This is especially true now that drug-resistant forms of TB like Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) are becoming more common. Traditional ways of diagnosing drug resistance take a lot of time and resources, which means they …
Prashant Wakhare, Shagufta Md S Sheikh, Pragati Mahale, Pritesh Patil, Sanjay Bhilegaonkar, et al.
…mmon infectious disease that kills people around the world. Drug-resistant types like multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB) and widely drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) are becoming more common, which makes treatment much harder. Molecular tests and trait drug resistance testing are common ways…
Anita Saibannavar, Gurjeet Kaur, Nitin Kumbhar
**INTRODUCTION:** Drug resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) continues to be a major concern for public health, particularly in countries like India with high disease burden. Recognizing resistance trends and appropriate therapeutic approach is critical for improving patient outcomes an…
Lynn Sosa, Lloyd N. Friedman
…l location of the treatment facility. The usual therapy for drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) comprises four drugs for 2 months, dropping ethambutol once the organism is known to be sensitive to isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide; then continuing maintenance isoniazid and rifam…
Rafael Laniado-Laborı́n
The presence of drug resistance should always be suspected when there are risk factors for it and must be confirmed by bacteriological or molecular tests for standardized drug sensitivity. Any regimen for drug-resistant TB is more likely to be effective if its composition is base…
Piyushkumar Sadhu, Mamta Kumari, Niyati Shah, Chitrali Talele, Nirmal Shah, et al.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis, particularly those with rifampicin resistance (RR-TB), has emerged as one of the major challenges to the goal of eliminating tuberculosis. Additionally, three or four different medications must be used in an effort to treat TB, but sadly, there aren't…
Maciej Michalik, Tomasz Lorenc, Krzysztof Marcinkowski, Mateusz Muras, Natalia Mikszta, et al.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses a significant global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries with limited access to quality healthcare. By 2023, 10% of global tuberculosis cases were classified as drug-resistant, with multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB)…
Roopendra Kumar, Jagdeep Singh Sohal, Ajay Vir Singh, Devendra Singh Chauhan
…Pretomanid, and Linezolid) regimen for treating extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and treatment-intolerant/ nonresponsive multidrug-resistant (MDR) cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). It offers new hope in the global fight against drug-resistant TB, which remains a major health …
Kashish Choudhary, Sana Tanweer, Mohd Zaid Choudhary, Sonam Grover
…bal TB management has become difficult due to rise of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB. Therefore, novel approaches must be developed to fight with M.tb infection. Studies on many strategies like pathogen-centric, host-directed therapeutics, anti…
Mousumi Saha, Indrani Sarkar, Arnab Sen
…sis is of prime concern to clinicians as the development of drug resistance is a common phenomenon of this pathogen. Treatment of patients particularly infected with the multi-drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains are very difficult with the available pool of anti…
Tushar Garg
…Given the lack of effective treatments for complicated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), it will be challenging to achieve the World Health Organization (WHO) goal to end the global TB epidemic by 2035. The treatment of …
Mpho Phehello Ngoepe, Maluta Steven Mufamadi
…al physical and chemical methods. Treatment for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has always been a challenge, as many patients fail to complete treatment requiring four to five active drugs over a 24-month period. Failure to identify new antimicrobials is of major con…
Shahista, Jappreet Kaur, Amit Kumar Singh, Vivek Kumar Garg
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is described as tuberculosis that is not responding to one or more anti-TB medications. A person is diagnosed with DR-TB if they do not respond to regular TB treatment; then a more challenging treatment regimen and a longer treatment duration a…
Remmy Shawa, Fons Coomans, Helen Cox, Leslie London
…The lack of access to effective diagnosis and treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a persistent ethical, human rights and public health challenge globally. In addressing this challenge, arguments based on a Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) to health have mo…
Xin Mao, Jingkai Wang, Junchi Xu, Ping Xu, Huijie Hu, et al.
…global health threat, compounded by the rise of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This review critically examines the current landscape of laboratory diagnostic methods for MTB, encompassing both established techniques and recent advancements…
Christian S Carnero Canales, Jessica Ingrid Marquez Cazorla, Renzo Marianito Marquez Cazorla, Aline Martins Dos Santos, Jonatas Lobato Duarte, et al.
…l health concern, particularly due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains. The persistence and propagation of TB are favored by the pathogen's sophisticated virulence mechanisms, its ability to evade immune responses, and the formation of l…
Ariel Torres, Gisselle Trujillo, José Daniel Sánchez
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) represents a major public health threat, particularly in the prisons of Latin America and the Caribbean, where rates are up to 40 times higher than those observed in the general population. These facilities act as community amplifiers due to ov…
Gyanshankar Mishra
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is tuberculosis that is resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid, which threatens to erode the current progress in the global control of TB. Drug resistance may further worsen with the appearance of drug resistance to at least one o…
Koushik Mukherjee, Pritam Saha, Kirat Kumar Ganguly, Somjyoti Chakraborty, Swarnali Ghosh, et al.
…bal health challenge, particularly due to the appearance of resistance towards anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD), mainly multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. Mtb poses resistance towards the currently used first- and second-line regimen. Recent adva…
Pauline Howell, Jonathan Stillo, Anja Reuter, Tendai Nkomo, Carole D Mitnick, et al.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis is entering a new and dangerous phase. Bedaquiline and other newer drugs have transformed drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, yet resistance to these agents is now being reported across high-burden settings. In some regions, baseline bedaquiline res…
Ying Wang, Daxing Cao, Guihua Liu
…regimens for Tuberculosis (TB) primarily rely on first-line drugs such as isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Although these drugs have been pivotal in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, their high costs limit widespread use in low- and middle-income c…
Emranul Kabir, Mahbub Alam, Md Ismail Haque
… and combination therapies, but challenges like toxicities, drug resistance, HIV incompatibility, and lack of knowledge about drug processes persist. TB remains one of the most prevalent infectious diseases globally, impacting millions annually. It has led to the spread of multid…