Showing 1–25 of 164 documents
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Joan Joseph-Munné, Milena Maya-Hoyos, Narcís Saubi, Santiago Perez, Miguel Angel Martinez Lopez, et al.
During 2022, AIDS claimed a life every minute and about 9.2 million HIV-infected people were not on treatment. In addition, a person living with HIV is estimated to be 20-30 times more susceptible to developing active tuberculosis. Every year, 130,000 infants are newly infected, …
Akhil Sharma, Shaweta Sharma, Mobeen Shaik, Hrithik Dey, Pankaj Agrawal
…including influenza, COVID-19, or tuberculosis, traditional vaccines such as oral formulations and injections have limitations in effectively targeting these pathogens. However, the solution to this challenge lies in the development of inhalable vaccines. Inhalable vaccines take …
Andrew Robertson, Mark A Chambers, Graham C Smith, Richard J Delahay, Robbie A McDonald, et al.
In parts of Europe, the European badger Meles meles acts as a wildlife host for Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). Options for reducing the risk of transmission of M. bovis from badgers to cattle include biosecurity measures, culling, and vacci…
Lidia Del Pozo-Ramos, Andreas Kupz
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide, causing over a million deaths annually. The only licensed TB vaccine for human use, Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a mycobacteria-based live-attenuated vaccine, confers immunity to children but fai…
Alexa Giovanatti, Adrienne E Shapiro
…cine hesitancy following the introduction of novel COVID-19 vaccines. To address this gap, a literature search was conducted for published studies evaluating socio-behavioral predictors of acceptability of HPV, COVID, and childhood immunizations as proxy indicators since there is…
Chinwe Iwu-Jaja, Laetitia Gahimbare, Akhona V Mazingisa, Walter Fuller, Degefaw Y Mazengiya, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** There is substantive evidence that vaccines play a crucial role in curbing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This has a potentially high impact in the WHO African Region. However, there is a need for a viable strategy to leverage vaccines in addressing AMR in the …
Zhen Zhang, Jingli Du, Danyang Zhang, Rui Han, Xueqiong Wu, et al.
mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases prevent diseases by stimulating the body to produce specific immune responses through mRNA molecules encoding pathogenic proteins. Compared to traditional vaccines (e.g., inactivated, live attenuated, subunit, recombinant protein and viral ve…
Banurekha Velayutham
…iven the limitations of BCG, there is a requirement for new vaccines for TB that can prevent the development of TB disease across all age groups. Currently, there are about 17 vaccines in clinical development from phase I to phase III. They belong to different vaccine types namel…
Victoria Male, Christine E Jones
…s vulnerable group. Because of the challenges of developing vaccines that are effective in newborns, only the hepatitis B and tuberculosis vaccines are given in the first 28 days of life, and even those vaccines are mainly only offered to high-risk groups. Maternal antibod…
Osnat Barazani, Thomas Erdos, Raafi Chowdhury, Gursimratpreet Kaur, Vishwanath Venketaraman
(Mtb) vaccines are designed to prevent infection, prevent reactivation of latent infection, and/or provide adjuvant therapy to standard TB treatment for active Mtb. Emerging vaccine technologies include reverse vaccinology, DNA and RNA vaccines, subunit vaccines, and multi-epitop…
Hua Wang
…sy patients. The history and latest developments in leprosy vaccines are explored in this chapter.
Junli Li, Dong Liu, Xiaochi Li, Jiazheng Wei, Weixin Du, et al.
Since 2019, there has been a growing focus on mRNA vaccines for infectious disease prevention, particularly following the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). mRNA vaccines offer advantages such as rapid production and the ability to induce r…
Ibrahim M. S. A. W. Shnawa
… prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. One more thing, now vaccines serves both for communicable infectious and noninfectious diseases. Several classes of vaccines are being known in common medical use. Among which cell based vaccines. DC based vaccines acts both vaccine a…
Gabriela Sadigurschi, Maria Cristina Caetano Kuschnir, Ewerton Alves Portela Dos Santos, Bruno Rangel Antunes da Silva, Celia Menezes Cruz Marques, et al.
…accine against pulmonary TB. There are currently over 22 TB vaccines under evaluation in clinical trials worldwide. Despite significant advancements, several challenges persist in developing and producing an effective TB vaccine. These include understanding the immune mechanisms …
Peng Liu, Zunmeng Sang, Kangkang Liu, Minghao Zhang, Yuanjie Niu
…s review covers the following topics: an overview of cancer vaccines, introduction to Hsp70, research on DnaK in dendritic cells (DCs), DnaK's role in the tumor immune microenvironment, its safety profile, and insights for vaccine design. DnaK consists of an N-terminal nucleotide…
Angelique Kany Kany Luabeya, Michèle Tameris, Justin Shenje, Anele Gela, Elisa Nemes, et al.
Fourteen candidate TB vaccines are in clinical development, including eight in phase 2b–3 trials, although there is a paucity of new candidates advancing from preclinical testing. Live mycobacterial vaccines, including recombinant <italic>Mycobacterium bovis</italic> BCG and live…
Jacquie N Oliwa, Ben J Marais
… strides in the development and administration of effective vaccines, the countries that carry the largest disease burdens still struggle to vaccinate their children and newer conjugated vaccines remain out of reach for many. The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) has identified p…
Mirzakamol S. Ayubov, Anvarjon A. Murodov, Abdurakhmon N. Yusupov, Ibrokhim Abdurakhmonov
Plant-based vaccines have emerged as a potential alternative to traditional immunization strategies, addressing the high production costs, cold-chain dependencies, and logistical constraints that hinder vaccine delivery, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Over the …
Carlos Martín, Jesús Gonzalo-Asensio, Nacho Aguiló, Ainhoa Arbués
…l platforms. This review provides an updated overview of TB vaccines in clinical development. Currently, sixteen candidates are undergoing clinical evaluation, including four in active Phase 3 efficacy trials. This review also offers critical insights into challenges shaping late…
Federica Cernuto, Avisa Maleki, Giulia Russo, Valentina Di Salvatore, Francesco Pappalardo
… 2025, using combinations of keywords such as epitope-based vaccines, reverse vaccinology, immunoinformatics, and immune system simulation. **EXPERT OPINION:** In silico approaches offer a transformative advantage to vaccine research by delivering speed, cost-efficiency, and enh…
Aishwarya Shaji, Akanksha Verma, Ashima Bhaskar, Ved Prakash Dwivedi
…r antigenicity in adults have evoked the need to design new vaccines against TB. The limited parameter is the availability of potent antigens; as a consequence, it is imperative to study the()-specific antigens that can provide a stronger immune response if included in vaccine ca…
Justin Devine, Bart Jacobs, Isabel Leroux-Roels, Geert Leroux-Roels, Robbert van der Most
With ageing populations, the prevalence of different types of dementias is increasing. The pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, has been linked to the presence of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the central nervous system of patients. Th…
Mattie S M Timmer, Lisa M Connor, Bridget L Stocker
…al to exploit the MR1-MAIT cell axis for the development of vaccines against infectious disease. Within this context an MR1 ligand, typically 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-d-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), is administered with or without a Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand or cytokine in…
Majid Eslami, Bahram Fadaee Dowlat, Shayan Yaghmayee, Anoosha Habibian, Saeedeh Keshavarzi, et al.
…ese technologies for strong, adaptable, globally accessible vaccines. This review emphasizes next-generation vaccines as foundational for future immunoprophylaxis, especially against emerging infectious diseases and cancer immunotherapy.
Stefan H E Kaufmann
…d until immunity is weakened and TB disease develops. Novel vaccines are being developed mostly for adolescents and adults, but two live attenuated vaccines are currently assessed in infants in Phase III clinical trials. Globally, TB remains a major health threat and countries of…