Showing 126–150 of 200 documents
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William R. Jacobs
Tuberculosis (TB) has been a leading cause of death throughout human history. The World Health Organization reported over 1.6 million deaths from TB and over 10 million new cases of TB in 2017, making TB the single leading cause of death from an infectious agent today. The chemic…
Digby F Warner, Amy K Barczak, Maximiliano G Gutierrez, Valerie Mizrahi
Since the release of the first Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome in 1998, major advances have been made in understanding the biology of this pathogen, the leading infectious cause of death in modern human history. In this Review, we outline the physiological and metabolic feature…
Bernadette Dian Novita, Ari Christy Mulyono, Ferdinand Erwin
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains the biggest infection burden in the word. Rifampin (RIF) and Isoniazid (INH) are the most effective antibiotics for killing M.tb. However, the resistance rate of rifampin and INH are high and lead to almost 35% tr…
Sonia Singh, Yogesh Murti, Nitin Agrawal
Tuberculosis is commonly called TB and considered to be the most contagious disease. This disease is caused by a causative agent known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the host body cells. Emergence incidence of XDR and MDR of tuberculosis are due to high dose intake and prol…
P Gunavathy, B. Usharani, Muthukumar Anbazhagi, R Venkateswari, B. Revathi Mani, et al.
It is crucial to rapidly and accurately diagnose tuberculosis (TB) to reduce morbidity, mortality, and the risk of transmission. A simple, cost-effective diagnostic test to rapidly detect M. tuberculosis in clinical samples is essential. We evaluated an in-house diagnostic test b…
Emily A Kendall, Claudia M Denkinger, Adithya Cattamanchi, David W Dowdy, Jason R Andrews
Tuberculosis encompasses a spectrum of characteristics-including bacillary burden, clinical severity, and access to care-that are relevant to clinical and epidemiological outcomes and the performance of diagnostic assays. The value of diagnostic assays depends not only on their n…
Vaishali Sandeep Baste, Padmavati Shrivastava, Rahul Patil, Neha Rana, Preeti Pandurang Kale, et al.
…tings, such as central Africa or India, where the burden of tuberculosis remains great [23,39], there are very few datasets that have such annotations. Objective This study aims to address the challenge associated with data scarcity and class imbalance in analyzing tuberculosis C…
Inayat Singal, Anam Anil Alwani, Rakesh Kumar
…ort, like mobile applications, improve treatment results in tuberculosis. However, the dearth of knowledge on these applications have led to their limited use in India. Our study aims to fill this lacuna by assessing the functionality and intended use of mobile applications relat…
Abdul Karim Siddiqui, Vijay Kumar Garg, Vikrant Sharma
…and incomplete or unnoticed follow-up may trouble pulmonary tuberculosis patient. Any delay in diagnosing TB may lead to interrupting governments’ campaigns to eliminate national TB control programs. Improper planning and lengthy treatment may affect your bills. The wrong predict…
Abhijit Mukherjee, Pallabi Dasgupta, Alapan Bandyopadhyay, Sharmistha Bhattacherjee
**BACKGROUND:** Paediatric tuberculosis is a surrogate indicator of ongoing TB transmission. The present study explores the relationship between the burden of paediatric TB cases and their ecological determinants in different states of India. **METHODS:** Based on a conceptual m…
Shixiong He, Changjiao Luan, Jiaqi Gao, Feng Lu, Fang Tian, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is widespread and harmful worldwide. It can attack multiple organs throughout the body, with pulmonary tuberculosis being the most common. The Global Tuberculosis Report 2024 shows an increase …
Jay Mehta, Asim K. Dutt
This chapter investigates how the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) has changed in recent years due to shifting demographic trends. Although the incidence of TB in the United States has followed a generally downward trend in recent decades, the HIV/AIDS epidemic and an increase i…
Indu Verma, Khushpreet Kaur
…es have contributed significantly towards medical advances. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is one of the deadly diseases, and worldwide millions of people suffer from TB and die every year. Diagnostics constitutes the most important component of TB…
Yifei Cai, Leiliang Zhang
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) protein tyrosine phosphatase A (PtpA) is a crucial tyrosine phosphatase involved in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Structural analyses reveal that the W-loop and conserved cysteine residues are essential for the catalytic activity of PtpA, with…
Igor Mokrousov
Abstract Dissemination of epidemic Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains is a global concern, and any world region may be at risk of their introduction. This is a well-known cliché, but the reality is more nuanced. Based on the analysis of East-Asian and Euro-American lineages of M.…
Mohd Shariq, Javaid Ahmad Sheikh, Anwar Alam, Nasreen Z Ehtesham, Seyed E Hasnain
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a major global health challenge, exacerbated by prolonged treatment regimens, variable vaccine efficacy, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Beyond conventional pathogen-targeted antibiotics, increasing att…
David Kusner
The interactions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with human macrophages are central to all aspects of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, from initial infection to reactivation disease. Characterization of the biochemical mechanisms by which macrophages respond to M. tuberculosis has…
R. Venkateswari, B. Usharani, P. Suganthi, M. Muthuraj
The diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis remains a challenge to control tuberculosis even though remarkable progress has been made in diagnostics during the last decade. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used in the diagnosis of definitive extra pulmonary tuberculosis …
Saeed Albogami, Abdelfattah Touman
…into the adjacent tuberculous cavity. The incidence of such tuberculosis related pulmonary vascular complication is extremely rare, hence, under recognized by many physicians. Pulmonary pseudoaneurysms are challenging to treat because they cause life-threatening hemoptysis. Furth…
Manish Dwivedi, Priya Giri
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadly diseases in the present era caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Principally, this bacterium attacks the lungs, however, MTB Has been observed affecting any part of the human body including the kidney, spine, and brain. Drug-resistant progr…
Sunil Chandrasen Chand
…years of age. A relationship between Takayasu arteritis and tuberculosis has been suggested for a long time. The cause of TA is unknown, but a link between TA and tuberculosis (TB) has been proposed. Mikito Takayasu, a Japanese ophthalmologist, described the first instance of Tak…
Gabriela Echeverría-Valencia
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causal agent of human tuberculosis. The initial events of the establishment of the infection include the phagocytosis by several innate immune response cells. This chapter will discuss the immune cells involved, the phagocytic pattern recognition…
Richard E. Chaisson, Jean B. Nachega
Abstract Tuberculosis is caused by organisms of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, including M. tuberculosis (the most important), M. bovis, and M. africanum. It has been present since antiquity and is the leading infectious cause of death ahead of HIV infection. An estimate…
G. Mac-Fiberesima, SD Abbey, C. K. Wachukwu, O. Azuonwu
Tuberculosis is a life-threatening infectious disease that is responsible for the death of most people all over the world. It is characterized by coughing, fever, night sweats and loss of weight due to the pathology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that causes the disease. In some c…
M Santhiya, N Ananya, Y Ashik Mohammed
According to global Tuberculosis report 2024 of World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 10.8 million fell ill with Tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. To address these challenges, the study on Multimodal approach for early detection of Tuberculosis using Deep Learning, aims to dev…