Showing 76–100 of 200 documents
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David N. McMurray
The relationship between malnutrition and tuberculosis is probably as ancient as the disease itself. One approach to the identification of nutritional determinants of resistance to tuberculosis has been to utilize a guinea pig model of low-dose pulmonary infection with virulent M…
Gagan Chooramani, Pooja Singh
…e World Health Organization has declared that the spread of tuberculosis is a global emergency. Despite the implementation of strong tuberculosis-control initiatives by WHO, this highly infectious disease continues to affect all vulnerable populations, including the elderly popul…
Jamilah Meghji, Sara C Auld, Gregory P Bisson, Celso Khosa, Refiloe Masekela, et al.
…scribing the high burden of respiratory sequelae seen among tuberculosis survivors, including children, adolescents, and adults. This group of sequelae are known as post-tuberculosis lung disease and include parenchymal damage, airway disease, and pulmonary vascular disease. It i…
Sameh Mezri, Zitoun Chaima, Wadii Thabet, Chebbi Ghassen, K. Akkari
Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic specific infectious disease caused by mycobacteria: Koch bacillus (BK). Despite a re-increase in the incidence of tuberculosis, extra-nodal location on the head and neck remains rare. Clinical symptomatology is non-specific and even data from…
Karin Dijkman, Simone A Joosten, Leendert A Trouw
Tuberculosis continues to kill over a million people every year, with an additional 10 million people falling ill. The ongoing efforts to eradicate the disease are hampered by an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms involved in the defense against tuberculosis. It has becom…
Mackenzie DuPont, Robert Castro, Sandra V Kik, Megan Palmer, James A Seddon, et al.
…of chest x-rays (CXRs) have been developed and approved for tuberculosis triage in adults but not in children. However, CXR is frequently the only adjunctive tool for clinical assessment in the evaluation of paediatric tuberculosis in primary care settings, and children would ben…
Haiyang Fu, Wenqiang Sun, Ye Xu, Haiyun Zhang
Tuberculosis (TB), especially pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), is a prevalent infectious disease affecting the respiratory system and is characterized by high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates that significantly impact the quality of life of patients and their families. Hos…
Awalagaway Dhulappa, Shuang Wang, Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao
The symptoms of tuberculosis vary depending on where the bacteria are developing in the body. In the case of pulmonary tuberculosis, symptoms may include a persistent cough, chest discomfort, hemoptysis, weakness or weariness, weight loss, fever, and night sweats. The risk of tub…
David G Russell, Nelson V Simwela, Joshua T Mattila, JoAnne Flynn, Henry C Mwandumba, et al.
…e the primary host cell type for infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo. Macrophages are also key immune effector cells that mediate the control of bacterial growth. However, the specific macrophage phenotypes that are required for optimal immune control of M. tuber…
Nitinkumar Marotrao Waghmare, Bharti Jagdale, Rahul Bhagwat Mapari, Harshada Bhushan Magar, Rohini Pochii, et al.
Having both diabetes and tuberculosis (TB) at the same time is a big public health problem because they affect each other in two ways: they make people more likely to get the diseases and they make the diseases worse. Active tuberculosis is more likely to happen if you have diabe…
Huilin Fang, Yan Xiong, Beibei Fu, Haibo Wu
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex organism. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) play key roles in immune defense, antigen presentation, immune regulation, and immune secretion during Mtb infection. Notably, AMs exhib…
Parul Gupta, Ravindra Kumar, Rituraj Niranjan
…lular processes related to the immune system. miRNAs during tuberculosis (TB) infection are considered regulatory factors for the host immune system.has a great ability to survive and multiply in phagocytic cells, which makes it difficult to treat. It can replicate through variou…
P Ponmani, Ratnesh Sinha, Sayan Kumar Das
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems which has cursed humanity for centuries. 45 % of the global incidence of TB and 50% of global mortality due to TB is contributed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) South-East Asia (SEA) Region. India is the top cont…
Qun Zhang, Yi-Qian Han, Wei-Feng Xu, Mei-Yan Wei, Yu-Cheng Gu, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most significant health perils that has claimed more lives than any other contagious disease over the past 2000 years. The treatment of tuberculosis has been severely compromised due to drug-resistant strains. In this review, we cover the field of …
Shreya Chakraborty, Devi Rajeswari V
Tuberculosis (TB) has become the most common reason for contagious disease-related fatalities globally. Due to the estimated 8.6 million fresh tuberculosis infections and 1.6 million fatalities, this disease is a leading contributor to mortality globally. Tuberculosis refers to a…
Kusum Sharma, Megha Sharma
Timely diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis is imperative to initiate appropriate therapy and to prevent long-term sequalae-like deformities. The clinical and radiological features have several mimickers, and microbiological evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or its products form…
Angelique Kany Kany Luabeya, Michèle Tameris, Justin Shenje, Anele Gela, Elisa Nemes, et al.
…ovis</italic> BCG and live-attenuated <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> candidates, are entering prevention of disease efficacy trials in infants and adolescents/adults. Several candidates are in nontraditional efficacy trials to prevent <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic>…
Emily A Kendall, David W Dowdy
Screening populations at high risk for tuberculosis might improve clinical outcomes and reduce transmission, but the value and cost-effectiveness of population-based screening depend on the uncertain health impact of early tuberculosis detection. In this Personal View, we propose…
Anil Kumar Gupta, Divakar Sharma, Amit Singh
Tuberculosis (TB) is a universally prevalent disease caused by an aerobic, gram-positive bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). It has continued to pose a significant threat to human health. The emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tu…
Tirta Darmawan Susanto, Bambang Sutrisna, Asri C. Adisasmita, Annabella Vinsensa, Sapariah Anggraini
Background: Patients with chronic disease, including tuberculosis, can be easily get depressed. Valid and reliable instrument needed to detect depression in Tuberculosis patients. The Indonesian language version of Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale questionnaire is needed to be p…
Pushpa Choudhary, Uma Phalswal, Mamta
Many people identify tuberculosis as a complex disease that requires a wide range of restrictions, lifestyle changes, and behavioral changes. Well-managed tuberculosis necessitates specific self-care management behaviors to not only control the disease but also prevent drug resis…
Anjali K Mahato, Rupal Rai, Rashmi Chourasia, Anirudh K Singh, Shivendra K Chaurasiya
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), remains a leading global health threat, exacerbated by rising drug resistance and the ability of this pathogen to persist within host macrophages. Central to the intracellular survival of M. t…
Parissa Farnia, Ali Akbar Velayati, Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia
The pathogenic potential of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is attributable primarily to its complex and highly specialized repertoire of molecular determinants, comprising both proteins and lipids. These virulence factors operate synergis…
Jianfei Zhang, Du Zhang, Kaixi Tan, Bin Jiang
…tra-gene sequencing confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to a definitive diagnosis of mycobacterial infection. **INTERVENTIONS:** The patient received a 2-month intensive anti-tuberculosis regimen consisting of rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyra…
Rosalind S. Abernathy
Tuberculosis was the major cause of death in Europe and North America in the 18th and 19th centuries. This chapter deals with pulmonary tuberculosis in children — its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prognosis. The tuberculin test is the basic dia…