Showing 76–100 of 200 documents
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Latifah Alfahad, Ayman Khushaim, Waleed Alhabeeb, Abdullah Alzayed, Musab Almushayqih
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern despite preventive measures, such as the use of the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, which reduces the risk and severity of early-life TB infection. The adverse effects of the BCG vaccine include infection b…
Cara Adolph, Simon C Mendelsohn, Laura E Via, Leonardo Martinez, Cecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn, et al.
Progress in tuberculosis vaccine development is hindered by the incomplete understanding of protective immunity and other disease mechanisms. An interconnected network of sample biorepositories from tuberculosis studies could help to address these gaps. To assess the feasibility …
Ahmed Al Hammadi, Fatima Ali Salem Khalfan Al Dhaheri, Huda Sulaiman Al Dhanhani, Jens Thomsen
…on had been vaccinated with at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccines, resulting in a mortality rate of only 0.24%, making it one of the lowest in the world.
Daniel Mashiach, Justin Shon, Raquel Mashiach, Gregory Ayzenberg, Osnat Barazani, et al.
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains a critically underrecognized contributor to global childhood morbidity and mortality, with the highest burden concentrated in low-resource settings. Although children comprise a minority of overall TB cases, mortality is disproportionately high…
Andrea Kaston Tange
… public may misunderstand the potential impact of rejecting vaccines and need stories that will clarify the risks. **RECENT FINDINGS:** Studying history and literature reveals that modern citizens of wealthy, industrialized nations have forgotten the emotional cost of widespread…
Qibin Liu, Xiyong Dai, Shuang Wei
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), administered to >100 million neonates annually. It confers approximately 70-80% protection against tuberculous meningitis and miliary TB in early childhood, under-pinning its continued…
Margarida Kirkby, Marc Veldhoen
…flammation, allergies and fibrosis. Given their importance, vaccines aiming to elicit lung-resident CD4Tcells, particularly via mucosal delivery, have shown promise in inducing long-term protective immunity. Intranasal vaccination strategies, such as live-attenuated influenza vir…
Edward J Goetzl
…nt childhood or adult Mtb disease. Development of human Mtb vaccines has succeeded recently with antigens composed of mRNAs encoding Mtb polypeptides or recombinant peptides fused to proven adjuvant systems. Two of these vaccines have completed phase IIb or III trials and have pr…
Zhijing Zhang, Le Dong, Xin Li, Taibing Deng, Qinglan Wang
…stic and vaccine targets. Clinical progress in PE/PPE-based vaccines, such as M72/AS01E and ID93/GLA-SE, underscores their promise in combating TB, while challenges in epitope variability and functional redundancy demand innovative strategies. By integrating evolutionary, structu…
Cynthia A. Bonville, Joseph B. Domachowske
… burden that this infection poses. Until safe and effective vaccines are available for the prevention of all forms of TB infection across all groups, the best control measures include early detection and treatment, programs to ensure adherence to treatment regimens, and comprehen…
Kerry L Hilligan, Patricia A Darrah, Robert A Seder, Alan Sher
…jor strategy in the development of more effective BCG-based vaccines and immunotherapies.
Feng Chen, Yifan Shen, Qianhui Yan, Daishan Zheng, Xiaoli Chen, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection, a disseminated infection triggered in immunocompromised hosts by the administration of the attenuated BCG vaccine, is characterized by a pathogenic mechanism that involves the synergistic interaction between host immu…
Sarah Schmidiger, Damien Portevin
…ing cause of death from a single-infectious agent. Improved vaccines, diagnostics and treatment regimens for drug-susceptible and drug-resistant cases are paramount to attain the goals of the WHO's End TB Strategy. Our knowledge gap in protective immunity in TB impedes the develo…
Kara Lukas, Madeleine T Dang, Clare Necas, Vishwanath Venketaraman
… development has advanced beyond the BCG vaccine to explore vaccines with enhanced immunogenicity or ones that are safe for immunocompromised patients. Implementation strategies such as video directly observed therapy are improving adherence; additionally, community-based, techno…
Bhawna Sharma, Beenu Joshi, Santosh Kumar
… vaccine have energized researchers to identify alternative vaccines for TB. For the rational design of new efficacious and safe vaccines against TB, advanced knowledge of protective and pathological immune responses in TB is needed. It has been well established that the existing…
R. E. Bhingare, Prabha Khaire, Amol Parate
Introduction: Tuberculosis is India’s biggest public health problem, it has been estimated that nearly 500,000 People die of this disease every year. Vast majority of cases are found in rural and semi urban areas, where more than 80 % of the Country’s population lives. Amis and O…
Shuwei Zheng, David M Lowe
…laxis. However, newer higher valency conjugate pneumococcal vaccines may limit the utility of traditional pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines in assessing immune function. While immunoglobulin replacement is cost-effective, it can interfere with serological diagnostics. Addition…
Akhil Sharma, Vikas Sharma, Shivika Sharma, Sonu Sharma, Monu Sharma, et al.
…ponses and enhancing pathogen clearance. Nanoparticle-based vaccines, including mRNA and antigen-conjugated platforms, aim to overcome the limitations of the BCG vaccine by enhancing antigen presentation and eliciting stronger, longer-lasting immunity. Collectively, these modalit…
Cyntia Silva Oliveira, Dirce Sakauchi, Érica Akemi Kavati Sasaki, Aurora Marques Cianciarullo
…, nanoparticles sized around 50-60 nm, used as prophylactic vaccines. Devoid of the viral genome, they are safe for users, offering no risk of infection because VLPs do not replicate. The immune response induced by HPV VLPs is promoted by conformational viral epitopes, generating…
Chetan Seshadri, JoAnne L Flynn, Pauline Maiello, Dirk Schnappinger, Robert J Wilkinson, et al.
Controlled human infection models (CHIMs) can accelerate vaccine development for infectious diseases. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a human-adapted pathogen that is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide. M tuberculosis infection results in a spectrum of clinical outcome…
Gloria Guillermina Guerrero Manríquez
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb). TB causes mortality of millions of people every year. Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Güerin (BCG) is the only officially approved vaccine that protects against miliary TB and children bu…
Jiaxiang Li, Andrew W Simonson, JoAnne L Flynn
… TB can provide critical insights for designing efficacious vaccines and immunotherapies while minimizing immunopathology. This review focuses on the current understanding of roles for different CD8+ lymphocyte subsets in responses against Mtb and implications for novel vaccine a…
Caden W Munson, Deepak Kaushal
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains an epidemiological concern due to heterogeneous outcomes in tuberculosis (TB) pathology and the lack of mechanistic understanding of early immune events. Type I interferons (IFNs) in TB are generally described as pathological. However, evi…
Mahlatse Maseeme, Liku B Tezera, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Alasdair Leslie, Gabriele Pollara
The number 17 is considered unlucky by some Italians as its Roman numerals - XVII - can be rearranged as Vixi, a Latin expression that can be interpreted as "my life is over". In other contexts, the number 17 is associated with wisdom and success. This paradox holds true when it …
Subhashree Barik, Pulak Pritam, Ayon Chakraborty, Sreelipta Das, Sakshi Priyadarsini Dutta, et al.
…Acr1 and Acr2 has been utilized for developing and boosting vaccines and as a diagnostic marker for active and latent TB. Some recent studies have also implicated the development of drugs against these small heat shock proteins. In addition, several structure-function studies est…