Showing 76–100 of 160 documents
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Eduarda Rabello, Fernanda de-Paris
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide, a burden further exacerbated by HIV co-infection and the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant strains. Although a wide range of laboratory diagnostic methods are currently av…
Begna Tulu, Thomas Theo Brehm, Reinout van Crevel, Tobias Dallenga, Andrew R DiNardo, et al.
…dies examining differences between PTB and EPTB in terms of epidemiology, mycobacterial factors, genetic and epigenetic determinants, host immune responses, transcriptomic profiles, cytokine and chemokine patterns, and immunophenotypes. EPTB is more common among females, children…
Nandini Gupta, Ramesh K. Goyal, Bhoomika M. Patel
…he diverse range of technologies such as molecular biology, epidemiology, and bioinformatics requires working in a synchronous way to reduce the despair caused by such a lethal disease.
Vivek P. Chavda, Keshava Jetha, Nimeet Desai, Praful D. Bharadia, Lalitkumar K. Vora
…riven surveillance systems play a vital role in tracking TB epidemiology, including the emergence of drug-resistant strains. By identifying resistance patterns early on, healthcare providers can adapt treatment strategies accordingly, minimizing the development of drugresistant T…
Francesca Saluzzo, Andrea Maurizio Cabibbe, Richard Anthony, Alexandra Aubry, Francis Drobniewski, et al.
…apacity. By aligning diagnostic practices with the regional epidemiology and laboratory infrastructure, this stepwise, resource-sensitive approach aims to strengthen TB control, improve treatment outcomes, and guide public health action in the EU/EEA.
Bruna Kozlowski Andreucci, Júlia de Toledo-Mendes, Nathalia Gonçalves Dias, Marília Araújo Santana Tavares, Daniel Bekhor, et al.
Abdominal manifestations of tropical infectious diseases are commonly encountered in clinical practice, especially in endemic regions. These conditions, caused by a wide range of infectious agents - including helminths, protozoa, bacteria, fungi, and viruses - can exhibit distinc…
Olabisi P Lawal, Fortune I Ebiala, Modinat Abayomi, Obiageri Ihuarulam Okeoma, Nana Ama Aduma Amankwah, et al.
Diabetes is increasing rapidly across Africa, where individuals in low-income areas are found to develop the disease at younger ages and lower body mass indices than those in high-income regions. Traditional metabolic risk factors explain only part of this trend, prompting growin…
H Manisha Yapa, Emily L-H MacLean, Nicolas A Menzies, Peter J Dodd, Anna Dean, et al.
…priorities, we conducted a narrative review of global DR-TB epidemiology and strategies for DR-TB prevention, diagnostics, and treatment. Gaps remain in DR-TB diagnosis, TB drug susceptibility testing (DST), and treatment. The review also shows that DR-TB causes significant post-…
Francis Adu-Amankwaah, Suzzana Dickson Buabeng, Isabella Sanette Agyekum, Ndivhuwo Tshililo, Lucinda Baatjies, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer, two leading global health burdens, increasingly coexist, particularly in high-burden regions of these diseases. Epidemiological studies suggest TB significantly elevates lung cancer risk, as lung cancer increases the risk of TB, yet the molecula…
Manjula Datta, M P Radhamani, Manjula Singh, Soumya Swaminathan, Rema Mathew, et al.
…with TB in children. This would also help to understand the epidemiology of TB in children by ensuring that the reported cases are without doubt cases of tuberculosis.
Uzair Abbas, Harendra Kumar, Niaz Hussain, Ishfaque Ahmed, Rabeel Nawaz Laghari, et al.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and multifactorial disorder associated with elevated blood sugar levels, poor insulin sensitivity, and inadequate insulin production. It has a major impact on the immune system, making a person more susceptible to and influenced by a variety of…
Emily A Kendall, Claudia M Denkinger, Adithya Cattamanchi, David W Dowdy, Jason R Andrews
Tuberculosis encompasses a spectrum of characteristics-including bacillary burden, clinical severity, and access to care-that are relevant to clinical and epidemiological outcomes and the performance of diagnostic assays. The value of diagnostic assays depends not only on their n…
Qibin Liu, Xiyong Dai, Shuang Wei
…ince 2010 on the clinical spectrum, immunopathogenesis, and epidemiology of BCG-related complications, highlighting the impact of vaccine substrain, administration technique, and host immune status on adverse-event rates. On the basis of this evidence, we propose a practical, evi…
Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Léa Cavalli, Ruchita Balasubramanian, Melike Hazal Can, Hening Cui, et al.
…ynamic models are commonly used to study infectious disease epidemiology. Calibration involves identifying model parameter values that align model outputs with observed data or other evidence. Inaccurate calibration and inconsistent reporting produce inference errors and limit re…
Rana Mondal, Mouli Nandi, Ifra Iqbal, Priya Bhave Chittawar
…s on FGTB in the context of infertility. Key areas included epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies. Particular attention was given to the role of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy in identifying characteristic tuberculous lesions…
Wei Tang, Haiyan Xue, XiaLin He, Sha Lin, Zhixiong Fang
… Additionally, a brief literature review sheds light on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment strategies for this pathogen, emphasizing its clinical relevance and the need for heightened awareness. By showcasing this case, we aim to contribute to the understandin…
Stefano Orlando, Loredana Andreea Silaghi, Mariagrazia Cicala, Mathambo William Lowole, Cacilda Massango, et al.
Over four decades, the global response to HIV/AIDS has transformed the disease into a manageable chronic condition, driven by advances in antiretroviral therapy, global financing, and ambitious targets like the 90-90-90 and 95-95-95 goals. Yet HIV remains a major challenge, espec…
Zhao-Yu Wang, Tian-Yi Ma, Kang Huang, Jiang-Hua Zhong, Shi-Juan Lu, et al.
Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) is a rare chronic arteritis that can lead to serious consequences. Understanding of the pathogenesis of TAK remains limited, and effective therapeutic strategies for this condition are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that there may be an associ…
Mingjun Wu, Qian Yang, Yan Hou, Qingliang Xue
Chronic multilobar segmental bronchial stenosis (CMBS) represents a chronic airway inflammatory disorder characterized by fibrotic narrowing of multiple lobar and segmental bronchi. Its pathogenesis is closely associated with chronic exposure to biomass smoke and tuberculosis inf…
Mingjun Wu, Qian Yang, Youcheng Xie, Yan Hou, Qingliang Xue
Chronic multilobar segmental bronchial stenosis (CMBS) is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by stenosis across multiple lobar and segmental bronchi, primarily diagnosed via bronchoscopy. Epidemiologically, its prevalence exhibits significant regional variation, …
Omid Nikjeh, Seyedehparmis Rejali, Kayvan Sasaninia, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…unosuppression. This review synthesizes current evidence on epidemiology, clinical features, and management challenges of HIV-mycobacterial co-infections. We discuss drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB therapies, drug-drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy (ART), and th…
Jinyu Wang, Bo Yuan, Yuanyuan Fang, Cong Zhao, Jie Liu, et al.
…rtality rate than the general population. Understanding the epidemiology of post-TB morbidities can help to set intervention and research priorities to lower public health burdens associated with post-TB morbidities. In this narrative review, we summarise what we know and do not …
Andrea Monserrat Negrete-Paz, Gerardo Vázquez-Marrufo, Ma Soledad Vázquez-Garcidueñas
…ons have demonstrated transformative potential in molecular epidemiology, drug resistance prediction, and virulence profiling. This perspective underscores a shift toward diversity-inclusive approaches, with integration of machine learning and standardization of analytical protoc…
Andrea Migliorelli, Marianna Manuelli, Andrea Ciorba, Francesco Stomeo, Stefano Pelucchi, et al.
…ructures and post-infective scarring. This chapter analyses epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic strategies for LTB, highlighting the need for accurate differentiation from cancer and other inflammatory diseases. Treatment regimens generally consis…
Gerald Mboowa
…ities, and policy considerations necessary to embed genomic epidemiology within national TB control programs, particularly in high-burden, resource-constrained settings.