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André Avarese Figueiredo, Humberto Elias Lopes, Augusto de Azevedo Barreto, Victor Silvestre Soares Fanni, Filipi Silva Kefler, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Urogenital tuberculosis (UGT) is a common manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and can affect all organs of the urinary tract and male genital tract. The actual main problem of UGT is late diagnosis and a high prevalence of urogenital organ destruction. …
Moorine P Sekadde, Silvia S Chiang, Annemieke Brands, Martina Casenghi, Chishala Chabala, et al.
…(aged 0-9 years) and adolescents (aged 10-19 years) develop tuberculosis disease. Tuberculosis ranks among the top ten causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The primary driver of tuberculosis-related mortality in children and young adolescents is the failure to detect…
Emmanuel M Sindato
Tuberculosis and diabetes are major global health concerns, with their prevalences projected to increase disproportionately in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The convergence of tuberculosis and diabetes impact is also expected to rise, posing a negative synergism t…
Balasundaram Revathi Mani, Usharani Brammacharry, Venkateswari Ramachandra, Muthuraj Muthaiah
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), primarily transmitted via airborne particles. The currently recommended methods for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) include molecular-based tests that can detect both TB and dru…
Chetan Seshadri, JoAnne L Flynn, Pauline Maiello, Dirk Schnappinger, Robert J Wilkinson, et al.
… vaccine development for infectious diseases. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a human-adapted pathogen that is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide. M tuberculosis infection results in a spectrum of clinical outcomes that are incompletely modelled in animals. To date, th…
Rajat Kumar, Khushbu Kumari, K. D. Kulkarni, Swapnil Hiremath, Meghana Prabhu
…in, Auramine-O and ZN stain in rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum cytology. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) is most common communicable disease in low socioeconomic population. It is most common in developing countries like India. Study was done on Sputum of cli…
Mohammad Ibrarullah, Vinay K. Kapoor
Abstract Tuberculosis continues to be a global disease. Abdominal tuberculosis is a not uncommon form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and includes involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, lymph nodes, and solid organs. Its clinical picture depends on the site of invo…
Prakruthi Shivakumar, Kavitha Sunil Shettigar
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and a public health concern due to increased cases of drug-resistance and high mortality rates. Rapid identification of tuberculosis is necessary for its early treatment and to prevent the emerg…
Tuberculosis is a most infectious dangerous health problems caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the species mainly affects the lungs, it can also spreads to various parts of the body like the brain and the spine and second biggest killer in the world. In this chapter, we ha…
Bonsome Bokolo, Ozakieoniso James Kemelayefa, Ray I Ozolua, Fidelis Ching Poh
…ug effects on blood and some biochemical parameters of anti-tuberculosis drugs among patients with primary tuberculosis infection. Study Design: Non-probability (purposive) sampling technique was employed in this study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at t…
Spasoje Popevic, Nikola Maric, Slobodan Belic, Marija Karapandzic, Sanja Dimic Janjic, et al.
Endobronchial tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis that is characterized by the presence of tuberculous granuloma within the respiratory tract, usually in the trachea or main bronchi. Multiple key notes regarding this form make it difficult to detect and treat, which can l…
Charles O. Thoen, David E. Williams
The mammalian tubercle bacilli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, cause disease in a wide variety of mammals. In humans, domestic animals, nonhuman primates, and certain exotic hoofed animals, disease produced by M. bovis or M. tuberculosis cannot be differentia…
Chenxi Li, Xiangyuan Chen, Ping Zeng
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a state of sustained immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens, without clinical evidence of active tuberculosis. Rheumatic diseases, a common type of autoimmune disease, are often treated with glucocorticoids, immunosupp…
C. Igbeneghu, BM Okanlawon, Japhet M. Olisekodiaka
…f PTC are risk factors exhibiting positive interactions for tuberculosis. Methodology: A total of 210 individuals comprising 110 tuberculosis patients (test group) and 100 apparently healthy subjects (control group) participated in this study. Secretors and non-secretors were det…
Siqi Lin, Qianqian Zhang, Juan Liu, Bojie Lin, Daina Zhao, et al.
The emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), coupled with lengthy treatment cycles and adverse side effects of traditional therapies, poses a significant global challenge in the form of tuberculosis (TB). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) generates reacti…
Ishola Dada Muraina, Rafeeah Rufai Madaki, Aisha Umar Suleiman
… drastic attention toward its eradication across the world. Tuberculosis as one of infectious diseases in Nigeria needs urgent measures so as to achieve a healthy society. Despite the huge fund spends on the eradication of tuberculosis in Nigeria, its awareness status is yet to b…
François Willermain, Laure Caspers, Weber Celia, Dorine Makhoul
Uveitis is reported to be related to tuberculosis in 0.2–20% of cases. This large range reflects prevalence variations of tuberculosis around the globe as well as differences in diagnostic criteria. In addition, patients with noninfectious uveitis are frequently treated by immuno…
Gwen A. Huitt
…been used to describe the process by which individuals with tuberculosis undergo a transformation from robust, healthy individuals, into frail and emaciated shadows of themselves. There are many factors that contribute to the catabolic state and malnutrition in patients with tube…
Rafael Laniado-Laborı́n
Tuberculosis infection occurs when a subject inhales the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli (MTB). An active case of pulmonary or laryngeal tuberculosis generates infectious particles called droplet nuclei of <5 microns in diameter, when coughing, sneezing or through any other fo…
Richard M. Hodes, Mogues Azbite
Tuberculosis is one of the most serious health problems in developing countries, causing almost 7% of all deaths in 1990. Tuberculosis may contribute significantly to protein malnutrition, especially in those with borderline nutritional status due to increased protein catabolism …
Rafael Laniado-Laborín
Symptoms and signs of active tuberculosis (TB) depend on its anatomical location. Pulmonary disease is the most common presentation of tuberculosis in the adult patient (more than 80% of the cases in the immunocompetent patient). Signs and symptoms can appear after just a few wee…
Xingyu Lu, Yiyi Hu, Yue Hu, Fei Zhao, Peiyang Fan, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease that poses a significant threat to the health of children and adolescents, with(PTB) being the most common type. Due to the lack of specificity in clinical manifestations and symptoms, early screening and diagnosis of pediatric pulmonary tub…
Onesime Mbulayi, Saint-Jean Djungu, Loukia Aketi, Mohammed Amine Koulali, Hanae Azzaoui, et al.
Tuberculosis, an infectious disease caused by, poses a major global health challenge. Despite being largely controlled for several decades, tuberculosis has experienced a resurgence in recent years. China has the second highest incidence of tuberculosis globally, with a prevalenc…
Pauline Howell, Jonathan Stillo, Anja Reuter, Tendai Nkomo, Carole D Mitnick, et al.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis is entering a new and dangerous phase. Bedaquiline and other newer drugs have transformed drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, yet resistance to these agents is now being reported across high-burden settings. In some regions, baseline bedaquiline res…
Jinsoo Min, Bruno B Andrade, Ju Sang Kim, Yoolwon Jeong
Recent advancements in tuberculosis treatment research emphasize innovative strategies that enhance treatment efficacy, reduce adverse effects, and adhere to patient-centered care principles. As tuberculosis remains a significant global health challenge, integrating new and repur…