Showing 1–25 of 200 documents
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Steven G Smith, Ruth Bowness, Jacqueline M Cliff
Host-directed therapy could potentially revolutionize tuberculosis control as an adjunct to traditional antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis disease and as a strategy to prevent disease progression following Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The growing type 2 diabet…
Richard G White, Gavin J Churchyard, Katherine C Horton, Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Marcel A Behr, et al.
Current licensure trials of new vaccines to prevent tuberculosis disease use bacteriologically confirmed symptomatic tuberculosis disease as the primary endpoint. Globally, the incidence of symptomatic tuberculosis disease is low, making licensure trials large, long, and expensiv…
Rajita Bhavaraju, Bruno Andrade, Suzanne Siminski, Soyeon Kim, Mark Hatherill, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Clinical tuberculosis (TB) research has been hampered by a lack of reliable predictors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection progression and active TB treatment's cure, relapse, and failure. Given host and bacterial variability, large sample sizes from harmonize…
Pooja Khandelwal, Neelam Yadav, Arzoo Saini, Neelam Singh Sangwan
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most serious and deadly infectious diseases worldwide. Despite being preventable and curable, it is responsible for increasing the annual fatality by millions. The situation is even more alarming in the developing nations, where TB ranked in t…
Carlos Martín, Jesús Gonzalo-Asensio, Nacho Aguiló, Ainhoa Arbués
Despite major advances in diagnosis and treatment, tuberculosis (TB) control - and ultimately elimination - will remain unachieved without a vaccine capable of preventing pulmonary disease and transmission. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated vaccine derived fro…
Tonino Alonzi, Elisa Petruccioli, Alessandra Aiello, Federica Repele, Delia Goletti
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death worldwide from a single infectious disease. An estimated quarter of the world's population, about 2 billion people, has an immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) without clinical, microbiological, or radiological s…
Emily Lai-Ho MacLean, Kyung Hyun Oh, Kalpeshsinh Rahevar, Carl-Michael Nathanson, Alexei Korobitsyn, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Timely, accurate tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics and strong laboratory networks are critical for providing high-quality TB care. In the Western Pacific Region, available resources, TB burdens, and access to TB testing vary dramatically between countries. To understa…
Susanna Esposito, Beatrice Rita Campana, Gaia Giorgia Arnesano, Nicola Principi
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with children representing a particularly vulnerable population in whom diagnosis is often challenging. Pediatric TB is typically paucibacillary and presents with non-specific clinical manifestations,…
Kyung Hyun Oh, Alvin Kuo Jing Teo, Manami Yanagawa, Avinash Kanchar, Dennis Falzon, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) can avert progression from infection to disease, yet scale-up across the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region is patchy. To guide acceleration, we assessed progress, challenges and responses in seven high-burden …
Kohei Kamegai, Ikumi Ono, Sayaka Kageyama, Kotaro Murata, Shunta Miura, et al.
In December 2024, Japan's Pre-Entry Tuberculosis Screening (JPETS) program was introduced in coordination with the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Immigration Services Agency to mandate tuberculosis (TB) screening for mid- t…
Salvatore Rotundo, Francesca Serapide, Gabriella d'Ettorre, Maria Teresa Tassone, Mattia Albanese, et al.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, especially in countries with low TB incidence, exacerbated by the influx of migrants from high TB-burden regions. This paper reviews the challenges and strategies for managing TB infection (TBI) among migrants. Chal…
María Belén Vecchione, Denise Anabella Giannone, Milagros Victoria Acevedo, Natalia Santucci, Maria Florencia Quiroga
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide among infectious agents, and HIV increases the risk of developing into active disease. HIV-TB coinfection impairs immune responses, while chronic inflammation and infection-associated stress activate…
Yonathan William, Marto Sugiono, Patricia Diana Prasetiyo, Adelbertus Erico, Gilbert Sterling Octavius
…d tuberculous prostatitis. The patient was treated with antituberculosis drugs, resulting in symptomatic improvement and a significant PSA decline. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing tuberculous prostatitis from prostate cancer, particularly in tuberc…
Aishwarya Venkataraman, Nancy Hilda Joseph, Gopika Sadanandan, S Balasubramanian
Clinical research involving children presents significant challenges due to physiological, ethical, regulatory, and practical considerations unique to this vulnerable population. These intrinsic challenges were amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic, which substantially disrupted…
Xinxin Fan, Muxing Chen, Di Wu, Youfei Lin, Xiaohong Chen
According to the 2024 World Health Organization (WHO)Global Tuberculosis (TB)Report, tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, with 10.8 million new cases and 1.25 million deaths in 2023. Early and standardized treatment upon definitive diagn…
Yu Lan, Isabel Rancu, Melanie H Chitwood, Benjamin Sobkowiak, Kate Nyhan, et al.
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of infection-related mortality, and efforts to reduce its incidence have been hindered by an incomplete understanding of local Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission dynamics. Advances in pathogen sequencing and spatial analysis have created …
Gregory P Bisson, Brian Allwood, Anthony Byrne, Gunar Günther, Celso Khosa, et al.
… substantial burden of long-term pulmonary impairment among tuberculosis survivors, marked variability in how post-tuberculosis lung disease is defined across research studies limits the comparison of findings and synthesis of evidence. To facilitate greater harmonisation within …
Timothy M Walker, James A Watson, David A J Moore, Mike Frick, Euzebiusz Jamrozik
Preventive therapy remains key to the elimination of tuberculosis and is typically offered to people with presumptive Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to prevent active disease. Although the duration of tuberculosis preventive therapy has been reduced substantially over time,…
Nuttapon Jirakittiwut, Panan Ratthawongjirakul
**BACKGROUND:** Detecting tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging in low-resource settings due to limited access to advanced diagnostic tools. The emergence of isothermal amplification techniques, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), presents a promising solution …
Matthew J Saunders, Delia Boccia, Palwasha Y Khan, Lara Goscé, Antonio Gasparrini, et al.
… is likely to exacerbate a range of determinants that drive tuberculosis, the world's leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. However, tuberculosis is often neglected in wider climate health discussions. Commissioned by WHO, we developed an analytical framework out…
Dan Ye, Ning Gan, Yang Yang, Zhentao Fei, Huarui Liu, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** To examine the clinical features of adrenal tuberculosis to improve clinicians' diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies. **METHODS:** We report on nine patients diagnosed with adrenal tuberculosis at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center between January…
Tyler S Brown, Kristin Nelson, Stephen Kissler, Leo Martinez, C Robert Horsburgh, et al.
Tuberculosis remains a persistent threat to global public health. Ultimately, future progress towards tuberculosis elimination is contingent on our ability to interrupt Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission between individuals who are infectious and their susceptible contacts. …
Karthikeyan Sundaram, Sathyapriya Subramani, Venkataraman Prabhu
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) causes Tuberculosis (TB), which is a fatal infectious disease. Timely diagnosis of tuberculosis is crucial, and the conventional culture method is time-consuming and smear microscopic staining is less sensitive. Significantly, rapid molecular diag…
Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia
Tuberculosis and its pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, are a major health challenge. The causative agent of tuberculosis is M. tuberculosis complex and is transmitted through airborne droplets. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is one of the cytokines that med…
Yinfeng Su, Xingxing Kong, Zhanpeng Chen, Xiaomin Wang, Shuihua Lu
Tuberculosis in pregnancy is a series of diseases caused by(). Exact global incidence rates are difficult to obtain and are expected to be similar to those in the general population, with potentially higher rates in developing countries. Tuberculosis in pregnancy is associated wi…