Showing 1–25 of 127 documents
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Susanna Esposito, Valentina Fainardi, Beatrice Rita Campana, Gaia Giorgia Arnesano, Nicola Principi
…16 years with drug-susceptible TB treated with short-course regimens compared to standard therapy.A shorter treatment regimen, particularly 4-month courses, has been investigated as an alternative to standard therapy in the pediatric population with drug-susceptible TB. Children …
Timothy M Walker, James A Watson, David A J Moore, Mike Frick, Euzebiusz Jamrozik
… designs have so far led to the implementation of effective regimens of 1-4 months' duration. Such regimens are a substantial improvement on the previous 6-9 months' duration standard of care but still far too long given potential toxicity and the very low baseline risk of diseas…
Caterina Davoli, Chiara Rossi, Andrea Ciccarone, Francesca Bertoni, Marina Calamelli, et al.
…t and breastfeeding women. A key difference between the two regimens is the replacement of pretomanid with delamanid in the BDLLfxC. However, limitations remain. Neither BPaLM nor BDLLfxC are recommended in patients with complicated forms of extrapulmonary MDR-TB: central nervous…
Tim Crocker-Buque, Michael A Moso, Justin T Denholm, Kasha P Singh
…afety and efficacy of newer LA-ART and bedaquiline-based TB regimens in this high-risk population. Concerns around the safety of TPT in pregnancy remain unanswered and further prospective research is urgently needed.
Antonio Camargo Martins, Márcia Teixeira Garcia, Mariângela Ribeiro Resende
Standard anti-tuberculosis regimens (Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol [RHZE]) remain challenging for critically ill patients and those with a non-functioning gastrointestinal tract. In Brazil, these challenges are amplified by the lack of Intravenous (IV) rifam…
M Amiri, M Cheraghi, M J Nasiri, D R Silva, G Sotgiu, et al.
…revious review summarised the evolution and efficacy of the regimens to treat rifampicin-resistant/multidrug-resistant TB (RR/MDR-TB), underscoring the persistent need for efficacious shorter treatments. The aim of this scoping review was to explore safety, quality of life (QoL),…
Rosella Centis, Lia D'Ambrosio, Giovanni Battista Migliori
…rne infectious disease treated with combination therapeutic regimens. Adherence to long-term antituberculosis therapy is crucial to maintain adequate blood drug level. The emergence and spread of drug-resistantstrains is mainly favored by the inadequate medical management of pati…
Koushik Mukherjee, Pritam Saha, Kirat Kumar Ganguly, Somjyoti Chakraborty, Swarnali Ghosh, et al.
…ealth threat. Despite advances in diagnostics and treatment regimens, it infects millions annually. It remains a significant global health challenge, particularly due to the appearance of resistance towards anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD), mainly multidrug-resistant (MDR) and exten…
Mohammed Alfaqeeh, Prayudi Santoso, Jan-Willem Alffenaar, Ivan S Pradipta
…istance, which compromise treatment efficacy. The treatment regimens for DR-TB include the INH-R regimen, Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid (with or without Moxifloxacin) (BPaL(M) regimen, shorter oral regimen, and longer oral regimen, each tailored to the specific resistanc…
Miriam Abadie, Alexander Kay
…ed therapy, as well as emerging evidence on novel treatment regimens, post-TB complications, and DR-TB medication resistance among PWH. **RECENT FINDINGS:** Treatment for DR-TB has evolved to shorter, all-oral regimens with reduced drug-drug interactions. However, emerging dolut…
Amira Mahmood, Mohammad Bilal Ashfaq, Catherine Drain, Eoin Melby, Michael Hunter, et al.
…gies: there is now a surge in novel tuberculosis agents and regimens entering human trials. For decades, drug resistant tuberculosis required at least 18 months of second line and third line combination treatments that included injectable agents. In 2022, in response to a growing…
Akhmad Imron, Yulius Hermanto, Timotius Wira Yudha, Ahmad Rizal, Vycke Yunivita Kusumah Dewi, et al.
…erculosis therapy for TBM, focusing on optimizing treatment regimens. **METHODS:** This literature review primarily draws from studies available in the PubMed and Scopus databases on TBM regimens, focusing on publications that evaluate higher doses or novel drug therapies. Key s…
Sonya Krishnan, Robin Avery, Veronica Dioverti, Jeffrey A Tornheim
…. Evidence indicates that short-course, rifamycin-based TPT regimens are associated with less hepatoxicity and improved treatment completion compared to isoniazid. In the transplant population, however, drug-drug interactions limit their use, so isoniazid preventive therapy remai…
Chiara Sepulcri, Francesca Saluzzo, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Antonio Di Biagio, Daniela Maria Cirillo, et al.
…therapeutic advances. The shift from long, injectable-based regimens to shorter, all-oral regimens has improved outcomes, yet substantial challenges remain in ensuring efficacy, safety, and equitable access. **AREAS COVERED:** We reviewed recent literature (2020-2025) searching …
Gail B Cross
…ew therapeutics, repurposed agents, and shortened treatment regimens. It aims to contextualize key developments within the evolving TB treatment landscape and assess their potential to transform clinical management of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant disease. **RECENT FI…
Aneeka Chavda, Mark Gilchrist, Toby Capstick, Christabelle Chen, Onn Min Kon
…at associated with high mortality and challenging treatment regimens. The UK, like many countries, faces a growing incidence of MDR-TB, with 105 (1.9% of all notified cases) treated as MDR-resistant or rifampicin-resistant TB in 2024. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the …
Kara Lukas, Madeleine T Dang, Clare Necas, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…-sensitive and drug-resistant TB, focusing on pharmacologic regimens, diagnostics, and adjunctive therapies. For drug-sensitive TB, a 4-month rifapentine-moxifloxacin regimen has been proven to be non-inferior to the traditional 6-month standard, while optimized pyrazinamide dosi…
Vidya Mave, Mandar Paradkar, Francesca Conradie, Amita Gupta, Anchalee Avihingsanon, et al.
Over the past 80 years, tuberculosis treatment has evolved with the development of all-oral treatments, which are now given for 4-6 months for drug-sensitive tuberculosis and 6-9 months for drug-resistant tuberculosis. Treatment success is often reduced among people with HIV due …
Spencer C Darveau, Sharan Yadav, Kelly E Dooley, Jyoti S Mathad
…ally for women living with HIV. TB preventive therapy (TPT) regimens treat TB infection and prevent progression to TB disease, but the components of these regimens, including isoniazid and rifamycins, often interact with HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). There are limited data on…
Ho Won Kim, Hoe Sun Yoon, Jake Whang, Jong-Seok Kim
…ic pathogens. Standard therapy requires prolonged multidrug regimens, often extending for more than 12 months, yet treatment success remains limited, especially for MABC. One of the greatest barriers to effective therapy is not antimicrobial resistance alone but also the high bur…
Kyung Hyun Oh, Alvin Kuo Jing Teo, Manami Yanagawa, Avinash Kanchar, Dennis Falzon, et al.
…and five now offer shorter rifapentine- or rifampicin-based regimens. The number of people started on TPT rose sharply in most settings, driven by household contacts aged ≥ 5 years in Cambodia, Mongolia and the Philippines and by people living with HIV i…
Cybele Lara R Abad, Alex Zimmet, Aruna K Subramanian
…ian of 54.5 (range 2-180) days after starting ATT. Many ATT regimens were modified in the post-transplant phase (31/44, 70.4%). Of nine mortalities among LT recipients, only one was directly attributable to TB disease. For both cohort studies on KT candidates, EPTB was the most c…
Maciej Michalik, Tomasz Lorenc, Krzysztof Marcinkowski, Mateusz Muras, Natalia Mikszta, et al.
…alence. The treatment of DR-TB has been complicated by long regimens, severe side effects and high overall costs, which contribute to non-adherence and treatment failures. Novel pharmacological agents including bedaquiline, linezolid, meropenem and more, have shown promise in imp…
Anita Saibannavar, Gurjeet Kaur, Nitin Kumbhar
… (DST) including line probe assays (LPA). Initial treatment regimens and subsequent modifications were documented and assessed. **RESULTS:** Out of 83 DR-TB patients the most prevalent pattern was Isoniazid monoresistance (H Mono DRTB) (45.78 %), followed by Rifampicin resi…
Omid Nikjeh, Seyedehparmis Rejali, Kayvan Sasaninia, Vishwanath Venketaraman
…nstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Beyond established regimens, we highlight host-directed strategies such as metformin, glutathione augmentation, mTOR modulation, and vitamin D; immunotherapies including interferon-γ, GM-CSF, and IL-7; and therapeutic vaccines (M72/A…