Showing 26–50 of 200 documents
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Sriram Krishnamoorthy, Kalpana Ramachandran
…caused a severe dent in the decades of progress achieved in tuberculosis control and elimination measures, indicating that these measures need to be more structured and resilient. This manuscript focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB control and also on the measure…
Archana Shrivastava
The aim of study is to evaluate early diagnosis of tuberculosis with simple and easy technique and to study in occurrence at various extra pulmonary sites. In our country, tuberculosis is the most common and serious infectious cause of death. Tuberculosis can affect any organ sys…
Sandy B. Primrose
The principal diseases caused by mycobacteria are tuberculosis and leprosy. Descriptions of both diseases can be found in pre-Christian Greek literature and DNA from both has been recovered from ancient skeletons. Leprosy is caused by <italic>Mycobacterium leprae</italic> and <it…
Vikash Gupta, Rajeev Tandon, Vijeta Niranjan, Ankit Kumar
… bacilli (AFB) in sputum samples is essential for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis. Sputum production may be absent in 40-60% of patients with probable pulmonary tuberculosis. Identification of active pulmonary tuberculosis disease patients is an important component of TB control…
M. Rajeswari, Riley Malar, Raheem Unissa, Pechetti Sujjani
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB), a communicable disease that mostly affects the lungs but can also affect other regions of body. The World Health Organization (WHO) forecasts that approximately 10 million individuals worldwide contracted t…
Murat Kılıç
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common infectious disease that will cause death worldwide by 2022, apart from Covid-19. More than 10 million people are infected each year, and half of untreated cases can be fatal. TB usually affects the lungs and is transmitted through the air. Ext…
Phool Chandra, Prashant Kumar, Surya Nath Pandey, Manoj Kumar Bisht
Tuberculosis (TB), developed by the Gram-positive bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the prominent cause of demise globally due to high antibiotic resistance. Approximately 1.5 million people deceased of TB in 2020 worldwide. The causative pathogen of tuberculosis spreads m…
Balasundaram Revathi Mani, Usharani Brammacharry, Venkateswari Ramachandra, Muthuraj Muthaiah
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), primarily transmitted via airborne particles. The currently recommended methods for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) include molecular-based tests that can detect both TB and dru…
Mohammad Ibrarullah, Vinay K. Kapoor
Abstract Tuberculosis continues to be a global disease. Abdominal tuberculosis is a not uncommon form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and includes involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, lymph nodes, and solid organs. Its clinical picture depends on the site of invo…
Prakruthi Shivakumar, Kavitha Sunil Shettigar
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and a public health concern due to increased cases of drug-resistance and high mortality rates. Rapid identification of tuberculosis is necessary for its early treatment and to prevent the emerg…
Rajat Kumar, Khushbu Kumari, K. D. Kulkarni, Swapnil Hiremath, Meghana Prabhu
…in, Auramine-O and ZN stain in rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum cytology. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) is most common communicable disease in low socioeconomic population. It is most common in developing countries like India. Study was done on Sputum of cli…
Bonsome Bokolo, Ozakieoniso James Kemelayefa, Ray I Ozolua, Fidelis Ching Poh
…ug effects on blood and some biochemical parameters of anti-tuberculosis drugs among patients with primary tuberculosis infection. Study Design: Non-probability (purposive) sampling technique was employed in this study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at t…
Charles O. Thoen, David E. Williams
The mammalian tubercle bacilli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, cause disease in a wide variety of mammals. In humans, domestic animals, nonhuman primates, and certain exotic hoofed animals, disease produced by M. bovis or M. tuberculosis cannot be differentia…
C. Igbeneghu, BM Okanlawon, Japhet M. Olisekodiaka
…f PTC are risk factors exhibiting positive interactions for tuberculosis. Methodology: A total of 210 individuals comprising 110 tuberculosis patients (test group) and 100 apparently healthy subjects (control group) participated in this study. Secretors and non-secretors were det…
Tuberculosis is a most infectious dangerous health problems caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the species mainly affects the lungs, it can also spreads to various parts of the body like the brain and the spine and second biggest killer in the world. In this chapter, we ha…
Richard M. Hodes, Mogues Azbite
Tuberculosis is one of the most serious health problems in developing countries, causing almost 7% of all deaths in 1990. Tuberculosis may contribute significantly to protein malnutrition, especially in those with borderline nutritional status due to increased protein catabolism …
Rafael Laniado-Laborı́n
Tuberculosis infection occurs when a subject inhales the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli (MTB). An active case of pulmonary or laryngeal tuberculosis generates infectious particles called droplet nuclei of <5 microns in diameter, when coughing, sneezing or through any other fo…
Ishola Dada Muraina, Rafeeah Rufai Madaki, Aisha Umar Suleiman
… drastic attention toward its eradication across the world. Tuberculosis as one of infectious diseases in Nigeria needs urgent measures so as to achieve a healthy society. Despite the huge fund spends on the eradication of tuberculosis in Nigeria, its awareness status is yet to b…
Rafael Laniado-Laborín
Symptoms and signs of active tuberculosis (TB) depend on its anatomical location. Pulmonary disease is the most common presentation of tuberculosis in the adult patient (more than 80% of the cases in the immunocompetent patient). Signs and symptoms can appear after just a few wee…
Gwen A. Huitt
…been used to describe the process by which individuals with tuberculosis undergo a transformation from robust, healthy individuals, into frail and emaciated shadows of themselves. There are many factors that contribute to the catabolic state and malnutrition in patients with tube…
François Willermain, Laure Caspers, Weber Celia, Dorine Makhoul
Uveitis is reported to be related to tuberculosis in 0.2–20% of cases. This large range reflects prevalence variations of tuberculosis around the globe as well as differences in diagnostic criteria. In addition, patients with noninfectious uveitis are frequently treated by immuno…
Etang UE, Richard RE, Nseobong Godwin Akpan, Emily Vu, Ntekpere EI, et al.
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of mortality, especially in countries with low socio-economic status. Socio-economic determinants influence individuals’ health behaviours, access to healthcare resources, degree of exposure to certain diseases and environmental factors. The i…
Wida Purbaningsih, Sadeli Masria, Yani Triyani, Maya Tejasari
Diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis remains difficult because not all medical care facilities can do it as the microbiological examination of tissue materials requires invasive action and special equipment. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis should be made by observing clin…
Namgyal dolma, Smriti Sharma
This chapter significantly defines Tuberculosis (TB) as an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus. M. Tuberculosis is rod-like in shape, highly aerobic and it requires high levels of oxygen. It’s a serious illness which mainly affects the mammalian respi…
Onix Cantres-Fonseca, Francisco Del Olmo-Arroyo
…itiated in 2019 makes possible to forget other causalities. Tuberculosis makes the case. The pathogen has been present more than hundredth years. Relevance rest in worldwide prevalence, pathogen spread, treatment resistance and the need for eradication. Drug treatment resistance …