Showing 101–125 of 145 documents
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Bethou Adhisivam, Chinnathambi Kamalarathnam, B Vishnu Bhat, Kumutha Jayaraman, Siva P Namachivayam, et al.
…ted hazard ratio 0.53, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.70). No deaths from tuberculosis occurred, and no serious adverse effects were associated with vaccination. **CONCLUSIONS:** In newborn babies weighing <2000 g in intensive care, BCG-OPV administered at a median age of 0.9 days reduced all…
Saumya Singh, Aditya Pratap Singh, Anuj Singh, Harendra Kumar, Monika Sharma, et al.
…BBS students (Phase II) and 12 faculty members. Two topics, tuberculosis and biomedical waste management, were taught using a crossover design, with students randomly assigned to Group A (n = 304) and Group B (n = 304). Integrated VBL combined video co…
Yixuan Li, Yi Wu, Shufan Cai, Xiangxin Huang, Lijun Ye, et al.
**BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:** Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major global health challenge, and bedaquiline has become an essential drug for its treatment. However, the high cost of the originator product Sirturolimits accessibility, underscoring the need for affordab…
Mgcini Moyo, Thobani Ntshiqa, Yohhei Hamada, Andrew Copas, Issa Sabi, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) symptom screening and testing using either smear microscopy or GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) have been the mainstay for diagnosing TB disease in case finding. Reliance on symptom-based TB screening results in missed TB cases, and universa…
Aita Signorell, Alastair van Heerden, Irene Ayakaka, Bart Karl Jacobs, Marina Antillon, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in many African communities, where underreporting and underdiagnosis are prevalent due to barriers in accessing care and inadequate diagnostic tools. This is particularly concerning in hard-to-reach…
Stephanus T Malherbe, Ray Y Chen, Xiang Yu, Bronwyn Smith, Xin Liu, et al.
… treatment is standard of care for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Understanding the factors determining the length of treatment required for durable cure would allow individualization of treatment durations. We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled noninfer…
Tomas O Jensen, Shweta Sharma, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Joseph Lutaakome, Indira Brar, et al.
…arries an increased risk of severe bacterial infections and tuberculosis (TB). It is not known if this increased risk is reversed after ART initiation. **METHODS:** We analyzed 4684 adult PWH with CD4 cell counts above 500 cells/mmwho were randomized to immediate or deferred ART…
Jose M Calderin, Sean Wasserman, Juan Eduardo Resendiz-Galvan, Noha Abdelgawad, Angharad Davis, et al.
…ere consistent with previously reported values in pulmonary tuberculosis, even when co-administered with high-dose rifampicin.
Nicole L Messina, Laure F Pittet, Emily K Forbes, Kate L Francis, Kaya Gardiner, et al.
…s early life hospitalisations for lower RTI (LRTI) in a low-tuberculosis endemic setting. **METHODS:** Neonates were randomised 1:1 to receive BCG-Denmark vaccination (BCG group) or no intervention (Control) in a phase 3 randomised controlled trial in Australia (NCT01906853). Ho…
Lebohang M Mlambo, Matshepo Setlaleleng, Kate Shearer, Nombuyiselo J Mofokeng, Phineas Ndou, et al.
**BACKGROUND:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, particularly for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). TB preventive treatment (TPT) has been found to reduce the risk of TB among PLWHA. As TPT has become a standard component of HIV care, understanding cl…
Saima Bashir, Lelisa Fekadu Assebe, Akash Malhotra, Délio Elísio, Antonio Machiana, et al.
…*BACKGROUND:** In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), tuberculosis (TB) regained its status as the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent in 2023, surpassing COVID-19. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is critical, with decentralised diagnostic strategies offering…
Kate Shearer, Bareng A S Nonyane, Christiaan Mulder, Emmanuel Kaonga, Rose Nyirenda, et al.
…ODUCTION:** While highly effective for reducing the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB preventive treatment (TPT) is underused among people living with HIV (PWH). We evaluated the effectiveness of a behavioural economics-based choice architecture approach to increase facility-…
Shriya Misra, Thandanani Madonsela, Katherine K Thomas, Cole Grabow, Meena Lenn, et al.
**INTRODUCTION:** Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of infectious disease deaths, particularly among people living with HIV (PWH). Despite being preventable, TB preventive therapy (TPT) uptake is low in high-burden regions like South Africa, where new guidelines have ex…
Allan Kengo, Juan Eduardo Resendiz-Galvan, Letisha Najjemba, Henry Mugerwa, Amedeo De Nicolò, et al.
**AIM:** Concomitant treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is complicated by drug-drug interactions (DDI). This analysis aimed to characterize the DDI between ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) and rifampicin in plasma and peripheral blood mononu…
Philip J Mease, Joseph F Merola, Marina Magrey, Peter Nash, Denis Poddubnyy, et al.
…equent (EAIR/100 PY for axSpA: 0; PsA: 0.1), with no active tuberculosis. EAIR/100 PY for hepatic events was 5.3 in axSpA and 5.0 in PsA. EAIRs for adjudicated definite/probable inflammatory bowel disease, uveitis, adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular events and adjudicated s…
Remo Panaccione, Miguel Regueiro, Scott D Lee, Raja Atreya, Gitte Pedersen, et al.
…early discontinuation of study treatment. No deaths, active tuberculosis, lymphoma, nonmelanoma skin cancer, adjudicated major cardiovascular adverse events, or venous thromboembolic events were reported from any treatment group. Herpes zoster infections occurred more frequently …
George R Thompson, Anke H W Bruns, Jannik Helweg-Larsen, Philipp Koehler, Jeffrey D Jenks, et al.
…seases. Similar responses are seen in the treatment of both tuberculosis (worsening of lymphadenitis) and leprosy (reversal reactions), suggesting a similar pathophysiologic mechanism may be responsible given the overlapping immune response between mycobacterial and fungal pathog…
Borje Darpo, Jerry Nedelman, Rebecca Bruning-Barry, Dean Hickman, Robert Kleiman, et al.
…(TBAJ-876) is a novel diarylquinoline under development for tuberculosis. In a first-in-human, multiple-ascending-dose study, electrocardiogram and pharmacokinetic data were analyzed to assess cardiac repolarization. Placebo-corrected change-from-baseline in QTcF (ΔΔQ…
Laure F Pittet, Dan Casalaz, Susan Donath, Kaya Gardiner, Casey Goodall, et al.
… Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, primarily used against tuberculosis, has off-target (non-specific) immunomodulatory effects, including potential protection against recurrences of latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Recurrent episodes of HSV herpes labialis (oral 'c…
Dvijen Purohit, Rob van Wijk, Paddy Kafeero, Freddie Kibengo, Matthew Zimmerman, et al.
…berculous meningitis (TBM), a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, requires sustained therapeutic drug concentrations in the central nervous system (CNS). Linezolid is a promising treatment for TBM due to excellent CNS penetration and bactericidal activity against. However…
Oscar Buisan, Pol Servian, Sonia Pedreño-Lopez, Joan Pagès, Victor Urrea, et al.
…valuate RUTI, a nonlive vaccine, derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as a systemic primer prior to intravesical BCG in high-risk NMIBC patients. The immunogenicity, safety, and preliminary efficacy of RUTI was evaluated. In this phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-con…
Luciana Saboya, Keini Buosi, Tiago Silva, Elaine Candido, Josiane Morari, et al.
…une targets should be explored in the future. The Brazilian tuberculosis-endemic status, where BCG vaccination is mandatory, might have affected the results.
Eka Widrian Suradji, Satvinder Singh Dhaliwal, Zhang Li-Feng, Entong Zhou, Amos Lim, et al.
…scular disease, dementia, some cancers, and infections like tuberculosis and severe COVID-19. Current screening methods for diabetes are invasive and costly. This has limited their utilization, especially in high-density populations and low- and middle-income countries such as In…
Emma Ilsley, Edward Banham-Hall, Tetyana Chaychenko, Katerina Chinenyeze, Gareth Maher-Edwards, et al.
…tubercular drug candidate with efficacy in animal models of tuberculosis. In part A, 56 participants received single GSK286 doses (25-1000 mg; 10 cohorts) and 19 participants received a placebo. In part B, GSK286 and placebo doses were administered once daily for up to 14 da…
Isaquel Silva, Sebastian Nielsen, Peter Aaby, Christine Stabell Benn, Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer
…dividuals who were frail, had serious illnesses like active tuberculosis, or had no prior births. Participants were randomised 1:1:1 to bacillus calmette-guérin, measles vaccine, or placebo. A subset of participants was enrolled into the adverse events study. Adverse events …