Nanoparticles (NPs) as a Cutting-Edge Therapeutic Strategy and TheirCurrent Status in Tuberculosis (TB): A Comprehensive Review

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore the current status and therapeutic potential of nanoparticles (NPs) as a cutting-edge strategy for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). BACKGROUND: NPs have emerged as a promising drug delivery system (DDS) due to their ability to enhance the bioavailability (BA), stability, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. Current advancements in nanotechnology have resulted in the development of a range of NPs, including solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric NPs, Hybrid NPs, and Metallic Nanoparticles, which hold promise for TB treatment. METHODS: This review compiles and analyzes data from more than 100 studies on the use of NPs in TB from the past 10 years (January 1, 2015, to January 1, 2025). This review was conducted using scientific databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, NCBI, Google Patent, clinicaltrials.gov, etc. Result: The review found that NPs significantly improve drug delivery to TB-infected tissues, leading to enhanced therapeutic outcomes. CONCLUSION: Nanoparticles represent a cutting-edge therapeutic strategy with the potential to revolutionize the treatment of TB. The enhanced efficacy, specificity, and reduced toxicity of NPs-based DDs.