China’s TB Portfolio for Advancing the 2030 End TB Goals

The global trajectory for tuberculosis (TB) elimination remains precarious, characterized by a recent but fragile and insufficient decline in its incidence by 2024, the first since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Progress is severely hampered by the failure to meet the ambitious 2025 End TB targets and is further threatened by anticipated funding cuts, necessitating a translation of widely accepted concepts of "high-level multi-sectoral cooperation" and "strict accountability" to concrete solutions. In contrast, China has achieved remarkable progress, meeting its goal of a 20% reduction in TB incidence from 2015 to 2024, suggesting a transition toward a lower-incidence setting. This success reflects a deliberate, science-driven, and strategic transformation. In this Personal View, we describe China's clearly defined national and provincial TB incidence-reduction targets for 2025 and 2030, as well as its comprehensive TB control program spanning the full continuum of care. China's integrated strategy, combining political commitment, rigorous strategy, sustainable financing, empowering research and innovation, the zoonotic and anthroponotic TB approach, and strong accountability mechanisms, offers a blueprint for low- and middle-income countries. It outlines a specific implementation pathway to revitalize global efforts to combat TB and restore confidence in the feasibility of ending TB.