The Role of Steroids in the Treatment of Tuberculosis

This chapter explores the role of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in tuberculosis (TB) management. The scope encompasses the immunomodulatory mechanisms by which corticosteroids influence the inflammatory response in TB infection, evidence-based clinical applications across different TB manifestations, and current treatment protocols. Special attention is given to specific forms of TB where corticosteroids have demonstrated significant benefit, including TB meningitis, pericarditis, and severe pulmonary disease with respiratory compromise. The chapter also addresses potential adverse effects, optimal dosing strategies, and the timing of corticosteroid administration in relation to antimicrobial therapy. Additionally, it examines ongoing controversies in the field, population-specific considerations, and emerging research directions that may further refine the use of these potent antiinflammatory agents in TB management.