Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of BCG revaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ali Sa, Shanza Shakir, Umais Ahmed Shaikh, Maryam Khalid, Maria Jawed, Syed Ibad Ali, Maheen Samo, Hadeel Shariq, et al. (11 authors)
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · 2026-02
Abstract
= .008). Safety analysis indicated increased adverse events, though a reduced risk of upper respiratory tract infections (RR 0.37) was noted. These results highlight a discrepancy between immune activation and quantifiable protection, suggesting limited BCG revaccination benefit in high-risk groups and the need for vaccines with proven protective immunity.
MeSH terms
- Medicine
- Immunogenicity
- Vaccination
- Immunology
- Tuberculosis
- Adverse effect
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- BCG vaccine
- Immune system
- Tuberculosis vaccines
- Respiratory tract
- Respiratory tract infections
- Immunity