Pulmonary mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumour: Report of a case and systematic review of literature

Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumour (MSP) is a rare benign disease characterized by proliferation of spindle-shaped histiocytes containing acid-fast mycobacteria. Most of the reported cases occur in lymph nodes and skin, predominantly in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or after organ transplantation. The occurrence of MSP in the pulmonary parenchyma is less common. We describe a case of MSP arising in a lung sequestration in an immunocompetent host and present a systematic review of all cases of pulmonary MSP reported in the English literature.