An investigation of knowledge, attitude and practice towards tuberculosis among denizen of Sikkim.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health problem caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to high mortality rates in developing countries. India bears the highest burden of TB, yet there is a lack of studies on public understanding and preventive practices related to TB. Further, Sikkim, with limited healthcare access, lacks research on its population's TB awareness.

AIM: An online survey was conducted in Sikkim to assess people's knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices regarding TB.

MATERIALS: A cross-section study was conducted among 250 denizen of Sikkim. The data was collected through online survey link (Google Forms) through social media (Facebook, Messenger, WhatsApp, and Electronic Email). A total of 38-item questionnaire was administered for this present study.

RESULTS: Most respondents were young, female and postgraduate students. The questionnaire had high reliability (0.86) and showed high awareness of TB (94.29 %) and its curability (90.00 %). However, misconceptions persisted, including beliefs about transmission through food, utensils, and mosquito bites. A significant portion considered TB serious (39.05 %) and believed in their susceptibility (82.86 %). Many were compassionate (53.81 %) and willing to help TB patients. Despite being aware, a considerable number of respondents had not undergone TB screening (83.33 %) and had no health education (70.00 %). Many preferred modern medications for treatment (80.00 %) and would visit health facilities if symptoms occurred (71.90 %). However, stigmatization was evident, with over half believing the community avoids TB patients (54.56 %).

CONCLUSION: The study shows a commendable level of knowledge among participants about various aspects of TB, TB might contribute to high suicide rate. People undergoing TB treatment need counseling. It is noteworthy that possessing a solid foundation of knowledge, coupled with a positive attitude and sound practices, plays a pivotal role in the timely detection and eventual eradication of TB.