Protective Effect and Immune Mechanism of EPCP009 Booster Immunization after BCG Prime Immunization Against Tuberculosis in Mice — China, 2024

What is already known about this topic?: At present, relatively few theoretical studies exist on the immunization strategies of tuberculosis vaccines, especially regarding the types of subunit protein vaccines suitable for combined application with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). What is added by this report?: The study demonstrated that EPCP009, a novel subunit vaccine candidate, maintains BCG colonization in murine spleens while enhancing protection. Notably, a single dose of EPCP009 combined with BCG was superior to multiple doses in terms of both short-term (6-week) and long-term (12-week) protection. What are the implications for public health practice?: These studies provide a theoretical basis for enhancing the immune strategy of tuberculosis vaccines and contribute to the development of combined BCG and subunit protein vaccines.