Spectrum of Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Operated Patients Based on Testing of Resected Specimens of Lung Tissue

The objective: to compare the spectrum of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from respiratory and surgical specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Subjects and Methods . A non-randomized, continuous, single-center retrospective study was performed and included 102 patients who underwent surgery at National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis from 2018 to 2022. Spectrum of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolated from the respiratory and surgical specimens was retrospectively analyzed. Results. When comparing the type and spectrum of drug resistance (DR) of MTB isolated from respiratory samples and surgical specimens, inconsistent results were observed in 47 (46%) of 102 patients, of which 21/102 (20.6%) were diagnosed with primary drug resistance, of them 14 (13.7%) patients had MDR and 7 (6.8%) patients had pre-XDR. The consistency of DR spectrum was more often observed in fibrous cavernous tuberculosis versus tuberculomas – in 13 (76.4%) of 17 patients and in 31 (37.8%) of 82, respectively, p = 0.024 (TTF); OR = 5.34; 95% CI: 1.49-19.1.