THE POSSIBILITIES OF RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF TRACHEAL AND ENDOBRONCHIAL LESIONS IN PULMONARY TB PATIENTS

Aim: to detect the features of tracheal and endobronchial TB in pulmonary TB patients by computed tomography (CT) scanning. Materials and methods. We studied CT signs in 45 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary, tracheal, and endobronchial TB. The diagnosis was established based on the results of a comprehensive study and confirmed by detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, samples obtained by different types bronchoscopies. All patients underwent multislice CT (MSCT) of the chest by the Somatom Emotion 16 and Somatom go.Up 32 scanners (Siemens) using the algorithm as follows: high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) with 0.6 mm slice thickness and 1.5 mm slice increment. Results. The study of the frequency and types of CT signs (small, big) witnessing changes in the airways of patients with different clinical forms of pulmonary TB showed that the frequency of TB lesions in the airways did not depend on the clinical form of pulmonary TB. Conclusion. HRCT allows detecting direct and indirect signs of airway lesions: changes in the diameter, topography, tracheal and endobronchial wall structure, deformation, ectasia, thickening, bronchogenic dissemination, airway stenosis, atelectasis, or emphysema of lung departments ventilated by the affected bronchi.