The effect of surgical treatment jn long-term treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of surgical treatment on the long-term results of complex treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculoma. Materials and methods . The retrospective cohort study analyzed the long-term outcomes of treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculoma: without surgical treatment – 25 patients, and those who underwent surgical intervention during the study period (2017–2018) – 50 patients. The method of pair matching (2:1) was used to form the groups. The target variable was the frequency and structure of unfavorable treatment outcomes registered within 5 years from the beginning of treatment Results . Successful treatment outcome (clinical cure, deregistration due to recovery) at the end of the five-year follow-up period was recorded in 49 of 50 patients after surgical treatment (98.0%, 95% CI 88.5–100%) and in 19 of 25 patients in the control cohort (without surgical treatment) (76.0%, 95% CI 56.3–88.8%), p = 0.008 by χ 2 test. When only TB-related adverse outcomes (without mortality from other causes) were considered, the group differences remained significant: 16.0% (95%CI 5.8–35.3%) and 0% adverse outcomes in the cohorts with and without surgical treatment, respectively, p = 0.004 by χ 2 . Conclusion . Surgical treatment for tuberculomas significantly reduced the likelihood of an adverse outcome by 11.8 times (OR = 0.07, 95%CI 0.007–0.614) and improved the prognosis of patients within 5 years of registration for treatment.