Massive Hemoptysis Secondary to Rasmussen's Aneurysm in a Patient With Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report

Rasmussen's aneurysm is a rare but potentially deadly pseudoaneurysm of a pulmonary arterial branch adjacent to a tuberculous cavity. This report describes the case of a 38-year-old Bangladeshi man with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes who presented with sudden massive hemoptysis following six months of cough, weight loss, fever, and pleuritic chest pain. Imaging showed bilateral cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis with a pseudoaneurysm of the left lower-lobe pulmonary artery, consistent with a ruptured Rasmussen's aneurysm. Urgent endovascular embolization achieved complete hemostasis. This case exemplifies the paramount importance of timely recognition and prompt therapeutic intervention in reducing mortality arising from tuberculosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhage.