Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Dazu District, Chongqing, China, 2005-2024: Surveillance Study

Background As a high tuberculosis (TB) burden area in China, Dazu District of Chongqing Municipality contains a large rural population and exhibits typical features of TB endemicity. Objective This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Dazu District from 2005 to 2024, with the aim of supporting the optimization of regional TB control strategies. Methods Data on PTB cases in Dazu District from 2005 to 2024 were collected from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the temporal, demographic, and geographical distributions, along with trends in treatment outcomes. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses were performed using Moran I and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics, respectively. Results A total of 10,236 cases were reported, for an average annual notification incidence of 65.2 per 100,000 population. The annual average notification incidence decline rate was 7.7%. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed a statistically significant decline in annual incidence rates (average annual percent change=-6.81, 95% CI -7.25 to -6.30, P Conclusions The notification incidence of PTB in Dazu District, Chongqing, has gradually declined. Particular focus is required on the treatment of young children, elderly individuals, patients with HIV coinfection, those under intensive phase supervision, bacteriologically positive cases, and retreatment cases. These measures may reduce the incidence of PTB and improve treatment success rates in our district.