Association of prior tuberculosis with altered cardiometabolic profiles of people with HIV: A comparative cross-sectional study in Uganda

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality among people with HIV (PWH), but the influence of co-infections like tuberculosis (TB) on CVD risk remains underexplored. We aimed to compare cardiometabolic profiles of PWH with and without prior TB to determine if prior TB is associated with distinct cardiometabolic profiles. Methods We conducted a comparative, cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in Kampala, Uganda. Participants were randomly sampled PWH aged ≥ 18 years on antiretroviral therapy. Specifically, we enrolled PWH with and without prior active TB (ratio of 1:1). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, and glycated hemoglobin were assessed. Results A total of 396 participants were enrolled (196 TB survivors and 200 controls). TB survivors had higher median FBG (5.5 vs. 5.1 mmol/l, p 2 , p Conclusion TB survivors with HIV exhibit a higher risk of DM but lower risk of obesity compared to those without a history of TB, indicating a need for blood glucose monitoring among TB survivors.