SOME MEDICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN RESPIRATORY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

Introduction. Negative impact of anxiety and depression on the patient’s adherence to tuberculosis treatment necessitates the creation of adequate socio-psychological interventions, considering factors that increase their development risks. Aim. Too study the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as their relationship to medical and social factors in pulmonary tuberculosis patients during their inpatient treatment. Materials and Methods. The study involved 273 patients with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, who were treated in the departments of Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute in 2021-2023. The patients were tested psychologically according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Statistics of indicators were assessed, such as patients’ place of residence (village/city, house/apartment), education, employment/unemployment, and marital status. The results were processed in the STATISTICS 22.0 program using nonparametric and parametric methods. Results and Discussion. 148 people (54.2%) out of 273 were identified with symptoms of subclinical and clinical anxiety and depression. Medical biological, and clinical features in patients with severe anxiety were female gender, low body weight, short stature, lack of the bacteriological confirmation of the tuberculosis diagnosis, and the focal form of the disease. Greater depression in the study was associated with short stature in men, high heart rate, and the presence of fibrocavernous tuberculosis (FCT). Social factors associated with more frequent manifestations of anxiety and depression: Living in a rural area and/or a private house, lack of higher education, living alone, and being unemployed. Social factors most often present in patients with depression: Living in a rural area, living in a private house, lack of higher education, living without a partner, and being unemployed. Conclusions. Symptoms of anxiety and depression observed in more than a half of tuberculosis patients undergoing inpatient treatment, are closely related to medical, biological, and social factors, as well as to the characteristics of the tuberculosis course. The findings can be used in the development of socio-psychological patient-oriented programs in the tuberculosis treatment.