Clinical Analysis of Improved Lateral Approach Lesion Clearance, Autologous Iliac Bone Interbody Fusion, and Posterior Internal Fixation for Lumbar Tuberculosis

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of improved lateral approach lesion clearance, autologous iliac bone interbody fusion, and posterior internal fixation for treating lumbar tuberculosis. Methods: Thirty lumbar tuberculosis patients enrolled from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into two groups based on the surgical method. The control group (15 cases) underwent traditional posterior open lesion clearance and conventional lumbar posterior reconstruction surgery. The observation group (15 cases) received improved lateral approach lesion clearance, autologous iliac bone interbody fusion, and posterior internal fixation. Comparisons were made on surgical conditions, time to ambulation after surgery, complication rates, laboratory test results, ASIA scores, VAS scores, ODI index, and cure rates. Results: The observation group had superior surgical outcomes compared to the control group, with shorter time to ambulation after surgery (P < 0.05). The complication rate in the observation group was lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). Laboratory test results post-surgery were better in the observation group (P < 0.05). ASIA scores were higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS scores and ODI index between the two groups (P > 0.05). The cure rate was higher in the observation group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Improved lateral approach lesion clearance, autologous iliac bone interbody fusion, and posterior internal fixation for lumbar tuberculosis resulted in a smooth surgical process, faster recovery, and better safety. This method improved laboratory results, neurological function, and cure rates.