Tracheoesophageal Fistula, A Rare Sequela of Multidrug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare sequela of multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. It is a type of acquired TEF defined as a pathological connection between the trachea and the oesophagus. This article reports a case of a 42 year old male patient presenting with complaints of breathlessness on exertion since 2 years, increased since 1 month, cough with expectoration since 1 month, worsening on consumption of fluids and dysphagia. The patient was diagnosed with a defect on both bronchoscopy and upper GI-scopy. He was subsequently treated with double stenting. Significance of the article: The significance of this article lies in its documentation of a rare sequela of multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, thereby providing valuable insight to clinicians in diagnosing and managing similar cases. It emphasizes the need for timely detection because if left untreated TEF can lead to serious complications. Purpose of the article: To highlight the importance of proper investigation and management of acquired tracheoesophageal fistula.