From Adhesion to Invasion: The Multifaceted Roles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoproteins

The etiology of Tuberculosis (TB) is attributed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), posing a significant threat to human health. Upon infecting the host, M. tuberculosis establishes close interactions with host cells through direct contact facilitated by its cell wall. The genome of M. tuberculosis encodes a minimum of 99 lipoproteins, which serve diverse functions including participation in ABC system transport, cell wall metabolism, adhesion,cell invasion,signal transduction,among others.Despite limited functional investigations on a subset of lipoproteins, the majority of lipoproteins necessitate further exploration. This article provides an overview of the advancements in understanding the lipoproteins of M. tuberculosis.