Endometrial tuberculosis in post-menopausal female: case report and review

Background: One of the rare forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is female genital tract TB, which often occurs as a result of TB spreading to the genital organs via the bloodstream or lymphatic system, with the primary lesion usually going undetected for many years. Case Presentation: A case of 68 years old female was presented, with a known case of hypertension on antihypertensive medications, who came to the emergency department complaining of abdominal distention that was evolved 4 months earlier, associated with loss of appetite and consequent loss of weight. CT imaging revealed mild thickening of the endometrium but with no evidence of malignancy. Hysteroscopy showed a mass-like lesion, encapsulated and well-formed, from which a biopsy was taken and sent to the histopathology, and the acid-fast bacilli special stain was identified, and diagnosed as endometrial TB. Conclusion: Endometrial TB is not a common condition in women at menopausal age. Hence, it is recommended that all patients with a positive imaging finding whether with or without vaginal losses undergo aggressive evaluation for endometrial TB. In addition, elaborative research needs to be conducted to generate further evidence-based data regarding such conditions.