Analysis and optimal control problem for a fractional mathematical model of tuberculosis with smoking consideration

This article studies a mathematical model of the fractional order of tuberculosis (TB). It describes the dynamics of the spread of tuberculosis among smokers. The purpose of this research is to protect vulnerable people against the virus. According to the survey results, the required model has an equilibrium point: the disease-free equilibrium point Ef. We also analyze the local stability of this equilibrium point of the model, using the basic reproduction number R0 calculated according to the new generation method. In our model, we include three controls that represent: restricting individual contact, treatment, and sensitization. This article aims at reducing the number of infected smokers and non-smokers using an optimal control strategy and a fractional derivation. The maximum principle of Pontryagin is used to describe optimal controls with Caputo-derived fractional over time and the optimal system is resolved iteratively. The numerical simulation is presented according to the method presented by Matlab.