A Comprehensive Survey of Machine Learning in Healthcare: Predicting Heart and Liver Disease, Tuberculosis Detection in Chest X-Ray Images

The utilization of Machine Learning (ML) has become widespread across several disciplines. ML is utilized as an effective support mechanism in clinical diagnostics due to the abundance of publicly accessible data. The prevalence of heart and liver disease has been seen to increase dramatically due to factors such as excessive alcohol intake, inhalation of toxic gases, narcotics usage, food contamination, and bad lifestyle choices among individuals. Both cardiovascular disease and liver disease are significant contributors to global death rates. The early detection of these disorders is of utmost importance in order to preserve individuals' lives. The integration of ML classification algorithms into healthcare institutions has demonstrated notable results, enabling medical professionals to expedite and enhance illness diagnosis with heightened precision. The use of healthcare data may be effectively employed to select the most suitable trial sample, gather more data points, evaluate continuous data from trial participants, and mitigate mistakes arising from data analysis. ML techniques play a crucial role in identifying initial signs of an epidemic or pandemic. The system analyses satellite data, news and social media reports, as well as video sources to ascertain the potential escalation of the illness. The use of ML in the healthcare sector has the potential to introduce a multitude of opportunities and advancements in this domain. The automation of information retrieval and data entry tasks allows healthcare personnel to allocate their time more effectively towards patient care rather than being occupied with such administrative duties. This paper explores the many uses of ML in the field of healthcare industry, highlighting its significance. It subsequently explores the relevant characteristics and essential components of ML that are suitable for the healthcare framework. Ultimately, the study successfully discovered and thoroughly examined the notable uses of ML in the field of healthcare. The utilization of this technology in healthcare operations can yield significant benefits for society.