Tuberculosis treatment and outcomes among diabetes and non-diabetes mellitus individuals: a retrospective cohort study using Indonesia’s tuberculosis information system (sitb) registry data 2019 – 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the 13th leading causes of death from a single infectious agent in the world in 2019. Some of the factors that influence the tuberculosis incident in the world are caused by undernourishment, HIV infection, alcohol use disorders, smoking, and diabetes. The median prevalence of diabetes data from the Global Health Observatory in the 30 high TB burden countries approximated 8% (Interquartile range [IQR]: 6-9%) and more than >=10 % in other countries in Africa and Papua New Guinea. It is also predicted that between 2019 and 2045 the statistic of diabetes will increase approximately 50% in the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence of TB with diabetes mellitus among adults is 8% and 7.4% for females, and males respectively. In a study, the newly diagnosed Tuberculosis with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus explains that 46.2% of a patient is newly diagnosed. In Indonesia, the case estimation and the case finding have a 50% gap during 2022. This is a cohort study using Indonesia’s Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) 2019-2022 data. The study analyzes the main outcome with the Cox regression, to sum up the p-value and hazard ratio, and the Kaplan Meier to show the median survival among TB treatment patients. The study presents that TB treatment with a high blood glucose prevalence is 621 (12.5%) in 2019 data, 29,646 (9.4%) in 2020, 25,411 (7.5%) in 2021, and 39,856 (6.5%) in 2022. The multivariate analysis results show that the predictors of age, gender, residency, insurance coverage, healthcare referral, history of TB treatment, DM therapy, and HIV status have an association with the DM treatment death outcome. The positive HIV status has the greatest hazard ratio among predictors with the HR 5.646 (CI 5.368 – 5.939) and p-value