Specificity of Therapy Selection for Patients with Nontuberculous Lung Mycobacteriosis

Aim: To identify the incidence and the characteristics of adverse reactions, to mitigate them, and to determine possible adjustments in antimicrobial therapy. Design: Observational retrospective long-term study. Materials and methods. We examined 125 patients with nontuberculous lung mycobacteriosis. 73.6% of cases had concomitant diseases. Results. The therapy for nontuberculous mycobacteriosis was prescribed in 115 patients, depending on drug susceptibility, and included at least 3 drug products. 31.3% of patients had adverse reactions; one third of these patients had allergic reactions. Hepatotoxic reactions were recorded in 16.5% of cases, cardiotoxic — in 12.2%, ototoxic — in 10.4%, optic neuritis was diagnosed in 5 % of cases. In 31.3% of cases, the therapy was adjusted, in 13.9% of cases, the therapy was reviewed and alternative treatment was offered. The complete antibacterial course was prescribed to 79 (68.7%) patients. Conclusion. The therapy for nontuberculous mycobacteriosis should be selected in inpatient settings with laboratory and functional monitoring. Keywords: nontuberculous lung mycobacteriosis, antimicrobial therapy, adverse reactions.