Co-existing squamous cell carcinoma and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with <i>ASXL1</i> and <i>EZH2</i> gene mutations: A case report

BACKGROUND: gene mutations, combined with non-small cell lung cancer (lung squamous cell carcinoma). CASE SUMMARY: A 63-year-old male, suffering from toothache accompanied by coughing, sputum, and bloody sputum for three months, was given a blood test after experiencing continuous bleeding resulting from a tooth extraction at a local hospital. Based on morphological results, the patient was diagnosed with CMML and bronchoscopy was performed in situ to confirm the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma in the lower lobe of the lung. After receiving azacitidine, programmed cell death protein 1, and platinum-based chemotherapy drugs, the patient developed severe myelosuppression and eventually fatal leukocyte stasis and dyspnea. CONCLUSION: During the treatment and observation of CMML and be vigilant of the growth of multiple primary malignant tumors.