Challenges in Prevention and Management of Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious and deadliest infectious diseaseDiseaseInfectious that remains a threat to humanHuman health worldwide. Even though the World Health Organization (WHO) aims to eradicate TB by 2050, TB elimination rates are not as expected globally. The spread of drug-resistant (DR) TB and its association with HIV/AIDS make it difficult to control TB in low and middle-income countries. TB control strategies include finding TB cases, contactContact tracingTracing, treating the case, and preventing transmissionTransmission. Delay in diagnosis and poor infection control practicesPractice are still major challengesChallenge of TB control and preventionPrevention. The migrants from high-TB burden countries are considered a new epidemiological sourceSource of TB infection, resulting in a big challenge for TB care and control. Detention centers have also facilitated the transmissionTransmission of TB and the development of DR-TBTuberculosisdrug-resistant. Therefore, TB control actions should be conducted considering prisonsPrison. Another challengeChallenge in TB control is getting an effective vaccineVaccine. It is now clear that the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccineVaccine cannot fully arrest the global TB epidemic. A new vaccineVaccine is required to replace or boost the existing vaccineVaccine for the better control of TB. For the urgency of TB elimination, multiple stakeholdersStakeholder should also collaborate for the comprehensiveness and correctness of care for TB patients. Furthermore, a strong commitmentCommitment of all administrative authorities to support the development of highly effective vaccinesVaccine will be required to decrease the incidenceIncidence and disease burden globally as per the WHO target.