Multiplex Immunofluorescence and Multispectral Imaging as a tool to evaluate host directed therapy against tuberculosis

Introduction Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-containing centrally necrotizing granuloma with a fibrous capsule provide a therapeutic challenge in tuberculosis (TB) treatment in adults and children due to poor penetration of antibiotics. To improve treatment success in complicated or drug resistant TB and to optimize drug dosages, host-directed therapy (HDT) as an adjunct to antibiotic treatment is a promising approach. It aims to modify host cell factors, modulate inflammation and balance immune reactivity at sites of infection within granulomatous lesions. The aim of this study was to establish a workflow to evaluate potential HDTs regarding their effect on lung pathology.