A Retrospective Analysis of Clinico-Demographic and Genetic Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: A Single-Center Study

Introduction Treatment failure and relapse rates are more likely to occur when there is isoniazid (INH) resistance. So, we can no longer ignore the problem of isoniazid mono-resistance. It is pertinent to control the spread of primary INH resistance and prevent secondary resistance. Aim This study aims to evaluate subjects' clinical, demographic, and genetic characteristics and explore their treatment outcomes. Methods All data of isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis (TB) patients, which were maintained in the electronic database of mandatory notifications (NIKSHAY Portal) between 2017 and 2022, were reviewed. A total of 54 patients were included after excluding five patients with ongoing treatment. Results Of 54 patients, 41 (75.9%) were cured, which was classified under favorable outcome, and the rest were classified under unfavorable outcome. Phenotypic, high-level mutation ( katG ) was found in 48 (88.9%) patients. Kaplan-Meier curves show that survival probabilities increase in weeks with regular intake of drugs. Conclusion Our study found that those with younger ages and males were more affected. We found favorable outcomes in the majority of patients.