Intrathoracic aspergillomas-study conducted in an area with high endemic tuberculosis

<b>Introduction:</b> Globally, tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem, with Romania having the highest incidence of new cases and recurrences in the E.U (56.9/%000 inhabitans in 2019). The SARS-Cov2 pandemic had a major impact on the late detection of new cases of tuberculosis, leading to a advanced lung damage. In the case of sequelae healing, the most common complication is pulmonary aspergillosis. <b>Objective:</b> Multifactorial characterization of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis as a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective study on a group of 60 patients admitted to the pulmonology department in the last 14 years. The collected data included socio-demographic aspects, risk factors, comorbidities, clinical status, biological and imaging investigations, treatment options. <b>Results:</b> 85% had a history of tuberculosis with a completed treatment.30% were cavitary forms.33.33% were recurrences.90% were confirmed by examination of cultures for sputum fungi, respectively of the bronchial aspirate. The average age was 61 years, with a male predominance. The most common risk factors: smoking in 21.67%, ethanol consumption in 18.33%, respiratory exposure in 23.33%. Chest CT showed a predominant disposition in the upper lung lobes (85.19%). The most common symptoms were hemoptysis (56.67%), dyspnea (53.33%), chest pain (31.67%) and fever (26.67%). Other comorbities: 58.33% developed bronchiectasis, 26.67% pulmonary emphysema, 31.67% chronic respiratory failure. <b>Conclusions:</b> Pulmonary aspergillosis causes severe damage to the untreated lung, leading to death over time from complications such as hemoptysis, majorly affecting patients9 life quality.