Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Ekiti State

The study examined the prevalence and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis in Ekiti State. It was a retrospective study with an evaluative case study approach. A checklist developed by the researcher was used for data collection. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. The result of the analysis indicated that for the five-year (2015- 2019) reviewed, a total of 2,045 patients were admitted and treated. Majority of these patients were males (59.3%) while 40.7% were females. Also, majority of the identified cases within the five-year review were new cases making 77.5% while only 22.5% were old cases. PTB was found to be prevalence among youth/young adults whose ages are between 31 and 40years (23.9%) while the age group 0 – 10years had the least with just 2.7% of the population. PTB treatment outcome showed that 58.2% were cured and discharged, 22.8% completed treatment, 7.5% defaulted, 4.8% died, 2.1% had treatment failure, 2.2% transfer out while 2.4% were not evaluated within the period reviewed. The males responded to treatment more than the females throughout the five-year period reviewed with 45.38% and 4.12% of males and females were cured and discharged respectively. It was concluded that proper monitoring and evaluation of treatment outcome should be carried out; individuals with immunosuppressive diseases should ensure they go for TB prophylaxis and commence anti-TB medications at the slightest suspicion or diagnosis of TB; and there should be a wide coverage of DOTS in all the Local Government Areas. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Prevalence, Treatment Outcomes, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Ekiti State,