Adverse pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization due to undiagnosed urogenital tuberculosis and proposed screening algorithm for patients from tuberculosis-endemic countries

Objective To report 2 cases of adverse pregnancy outcomes due to delayed diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis and propose a screening algorithm for patients from tuberculosis-endemic countries. Design Case report. Setting Academic medical center. Patients Two patients with delayed diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis leading to a fetal loss and a preterm delivery of an infant with congenital tuberculosis. Interventions Endometrial biopsy, acid-fast bacilli culture of urine, and endometrium. Main outcome measures Pregnancy outcomes. Results Fetal loss at 19 weeks and preterm delivery of an infant with congenital tuberculosis before urogenital tuberculosis treatment. Conclusions Patients who are at risk of urogenital tuberculosis should be screened in advance of infertility treatment to potentially prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.