The cascade of care in tuberculosis infection screening and management in newly arrived refugees in Aarhus, Denmark

Background Screening for tuberculosis (TB) disease and infection is often a part of health screening programs offered to refugees, but the yield of screening varies and losses along the steps from screening to treatment completion was reported. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed investigating a newly arrived refugee population offered a systematic refugee health assessment in Aarhus, Denmark. Data was collected on screening, referral, diagnosis and treatment for TB disease and infection. Results Among both adults and children IGRA positivity was associated with origin in a high TB incidence country and increasing age. The number needed to screen (NNS) to find one case of TB infection was 7 among adult refugees and 19 among children, while NNS for TB disease was 266 and 164 respectively. The proportion of the eligible population with a valid result was 78.1% for adults and 71.3% for children, while 43.1% and 50% of adults and children with presumed TB infection completed preventive treatment. Discussion Screening for TB disease and infection among refugees in Aarhus had a high yield in terms of diagnosis, however significant losses were seen during screening, follow-up and preventive treatment completion.