Complex treatment of widespread destructive pulmonary tuberculosis using innovative technology of the main bronchial stump treatment during pneumonectomy

<b>Relevance:</b> The result of the failure of the main bronchial stump after pneumonectomy is a bronchopleural fistula, this complication develops up to 30% of cases in patients with common forms of MDR/XDR pulmonary tuberculosis, who underwent pneumonectomy. In the list of postoperative mortality, this pathology occupies the first place in thoracic surgery and remains one of the most pressing issues. To increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with MDR and XDR-FCT of the lungs, we have developed a technology for treating the stump of the main bronchus. <b>Materials and research:</b> We have examined 48 patients with MDR/XDR advanced pulmonary fibrocavernous tuberculosis, who are indicated for pneumonectomy. We performed X-ray, bronchoscopic, and histological examination of the surgical material. Innovative technology of the main bronchial stump treatment during pneumonectomy, based on a stump-free technique, with coagulation of the bronchial stump mucosa by a laser with a length of 970 nm and a radiation flux power of 5 W and the following pleurization of the main bronchial stump with mediastinal pleura. <b>Results:</b> All patients have no postoperative complications. <b>Conclusion:</b> The developed technique enable to increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment in patients with common forms of MDR/XDR pulmonary tuberculosis.