Results of Tobramycin inhalation therapy in patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa colonization: Real Life Management

<b>Introduction:</b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tobramycin inhalation therapy in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) with pseudomonas colonization. <b>Methods:</b> The data of 27 patients who received tobramycin for NCFB during 2014–2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Treatment twice-daily for 28 days on-off cycles for a total of 6 months was accepted as one period. <b>Results:</b> Of the 27 patients,16 were males. Twenty-one patients completed the first period, 7 patients completed the second period, 4 patients completed the third period, and 1 patient completed the fourth period. Sputum culture was negative in 10 (47.6%) of the 21 patients who completed the first period and continued the follow-up. Decreased sputum purulence and quantity, dyspnea and cough were observed during treatment. The frequency of hospitalizations before treatment was 1.24 ± 1.36, whereas after treatment, it decreased to 0.52 ± 0.91, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.019). The most common side effect was increased dyspnea after nebulization observed in 5 patients, and only 2 patients discontinued treatment due to this complaint. <b>Conclusion:</b> To the best of our knowledge, our study including real life data had the longest treatment and follow-up duration for patients in the literature (Fjaellegaard K et al. Chron Respir Dis 2017; 14(2):174-186)(Vendrell M et al. Open Respir Med J 2015; 9: 30-36). Tobramycin inhalation appears to be a well tolerated treatment in patients with pseudomonas colonization with NCFB. This treatment can decrease hospitalization rates and improve symptoms.