An isolated testicular tuberculosis mimicking testicular cancer in north-central Nigeria.

Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is a rare presentation of extrapulmonary TB. A 46-year-old man presented to our Urology clinic with a painless swelling of the right testis. Examination revealed a hard, non-tender swelling on the inferior pole of the testis that measured 3 x 2 cm. Scrotal ultrasound scan showed a complex mass with multiple hypoechoic lesions at the inferior pole of the right testis with dimension 2.4 x 1.7cm. Laboratory data showed elevated alpha fetoprotein and beta hcG and lymphocytosis. A diagnosis of right testicular cancer was made and the patient had a right transinguinal radical orchidectomy. Histopathology result showed tuberculous granulomata with caseous necrosis surrounded by multinucleated giant cells (Langerhan`s type). The patient subsequently had anti-TB medications. The rarity of this condition makes these findings important to report.