Identification and drug susceptibility testing for nontuberculous mycobacteria

Great progress has recently been made in methodologies for identifying nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Recommendations for drug susceptibility testing (DST) of NTM have been expanded and updated by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and are crucial in the management of NTM infections. This article summarizes the clinically relevant molecular methods used to discriminate NTM species and updates the information on DST. Furthermore, recent progress on new antimicrobials against NTM infections is reviewed.